Background: Guinea pig is a species belonging to the Caviidae family of the Rodentia order and is frequently used in experimental studies. Biomedical imaging methods are used in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases in medicine. Among these methods, computed tomography (CT) is one of the most important imaging methods. In this study, it was aimed to perform the three-dimensional modelling of the CT images, obtained from the humerus and femur in the guinea pigs, via the MIMICS programme and to make some biometric measurements regarding the bones over these models. Materials and methods: In the present study, 12 male adult guinea pigs were used. The soft tissue on humerus and femur bones of the guinea pigs was removed. After this procedure, CT images at a 0.5 mm-thickness were obtained from the animals. The images were recorded in DICOM format. Then, the reconstruction process was performed from the images by using the three-dimensional modelling programme MIMICS^® 13.1. On the 3D model of the humerus and femur (right-left), volumes, surface areas and lengths as well as other biometric parameters were measured separately, and the values were recorded. In addition, measurements of the bones were made by the help of a digital calliper. Results: Among the parameters obtained from 3D models, a statistical difference is observed between the right and left cortex thicknesses of the femur from the measurements of calliper and the right and left humerus volumes (p0.05). Conclusions: It can be stated that CT and 3D modelling can be used for the measurement of some parameters in the long bones of the guinea pigs. Background: Guinea pig is a species belonging to the Caviidae family of the Rodentia order and is frequently used in experimental studies. Biomedical imaging methods are used in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases in medicine. Among these methods, computed tomography (CT) is one of the most important imaging methods. In this study, it was aimed to perform the three-dimensional modelling of the CT images, obtained from the humerus and femur in the guinea pigs, via the MIMICS programme and to make some biometric measurements regarding the bones over these models. Materials and methods: In the present study, 12 male adult guinea pigs were used. The soft tissue on humerus and femur bones of the guinea pigs was removed. After this procedure, CT images at a 0.5 mm-thickness were obtained from the animals. The images were recorded in DICOM format. Then, the reconstruction process was performed from the images by using the three-dimensional modelling programme MIMICS^® 13.1. On the 3D model of the humerus and femur (right-left), volumes, surface areas and lengths as well as other biometric parameters were measured separately, and the values were recorded. In addition, measurements of the bones were made by the help of a digital calliper. Results: Among the parameters obtained from 3D models, a statistical difference is observed between the right and left cortex thicknesses of the femur from the measurements of calliper and the right and left humerus volumes (p0.05). Conclusions: It can be stated that CT and 3D modelling can be used for the measurement of some parameters in the long bones of the guinea pigs.

In contrast to normal morphometric measurements, geometric morphometry is a method that can explain the differences and variations on the x-y coordinates of the specified points on a 2D plane. In this method, two-dimensional samples, such as pictures or x-rays, are used. The study aims to investigate the right os coxae of 23 adults (12 males, 11 females) horses geometrically. Photographs were taken from each sample at 120 centimeters distance and landmarks were made on these samples. 13 determining landmarks were used on os coxae. Medial endpoint of the narrowest section of the body of ilium and medial endpoint of ischial spine points were found to be statistically significant in terms of female and male distinction (P < 0.001). It was seen that the remaining points in the ventrolateral section did not have a statistically significant difference in gender discrimination. However, the difference between the genders in the ventral endpoint of coxal tuber and midpoint of coxal tuber in the dorsolateral section was statistically significant (P < 0.001). The difference between females and males is visually indicated using the morphology program. In females, it was observed that the points in the inner region are more lateral than males. Gender analysis studies can be conducted on materials such as bone using the morphometric results obtained as a result of such modeling studies.

The danger of extinction faced by the gazelles, which show a broad geographical distribution, in recent times and inclusion of the gazelles in the conservation list of IUCN indicate the importance and necessity of the studies on continuity of the species. In this context, the determination of intracranial volume is clinically essential for the breed and sexual dysmorphism. In the present study the crania of 11 gazelles (5 male and 6 female gazelles) (Gazella subgutturosa) were used. The cranium of the gazelles were scanned at 80 kV, 200 mA, 639 mGY, and 0.625 mm section thickness using 64‐slice Multi‐Detector Computed Tomography (MDCT). The intracranial volume of the gazelles was estimated using computed tomography sections according to Cavalieri’s Principle. Three‐dimensional models of the intracranial area were created using MIMICS 20.1 Software, the software calculated intracranial volume. The obtained results were statistically tested in terms of both methods and sexual dimorphism. The study results revealed that crania showed no difference between sexes (P>0.05). No difference was detected between the two methods in statistical analysis of the intracranial volumes calculated using stereology and CT models. Consequently, it was considered that the use of intracranial volumes of the gazelles would contribute to the clinical sciences concerning detection, diagnosis and progression of the diseases.

Background: The metacarpus, one of the forelimb bones, is an important bone used in zooarchaeological studies and estimating shoulder height in sheep. Morphometric measurements were performed using different methods on the metacarpus of different sheep breeds.Objectives: The study aims to measure the metacarpal bones morphometrically in different sheep breeds and model them with a 3D scanner. In addition, the compatibility of the two different methods was evaluated by comparing the measurements made with digital calipers and 3D models.Methods: In the study, metacarpal bones of eight adult, healthy male Akkaraman sheep and eight adult, healthy male Merino sheep were used. After the bones were macerated, 17 different morphometric measurements were performed with a digital caliper. Then, 3D models of the bones were obtained using a 3D scanner. The same morphometric measurements were made on the models using the scanner software.Results: According to the morphometric measurement results made with digital caliper, no statistical difference was observed in greatest length (GL) and antero‐posterior diameter of external trochlea of condylus medialis (DEM) parameters in Akkaraman and Merino sheep. Differences were observed in all other parameters. In the measurements made on the model, no statistical difference was observed in the GL, DEM, and antero‐posterior diameter of external trochlea of condylus lateralis (DEL) parameters. Differences were observed in all other parameters. In both methods, it was observed that the values belonging to the Merino sheep were higher in the parameters where statistical differences were detected. The agreement between the two methods was revealed by the Bland–Altman analysis. It was determined that the morphometric measurements performed were within the limits of agreement according to the Bland–Altman analysis. It was observed that the two measurement methods within the limits of agreement could be used as alternatives to each other.Conclusion: In conclusion, it is thought that the morphometric measurement results obtained from Akkaraman and Merino metacarpus will contribute to research examining the differences between breeds in sheep, as well as zooarchaeological and taxonomy studies.