In this study, we focus on resilience as the ability of specific infrastructure systems at the regional scale to absorb the shocks of extreme events, such as earthquakes. The occurrence of a disaster such as an earthquake leads to a rapid decrease in infrastructure performance. In the case of road networks, performance might refer to the number of drivers using the road within a certain period of time. The objective of this study is to propose a quantitative evaluation method to analyze road network performance (or performance loss) when natural disasters occur. Furthermore, we use cluster analysis and consider the performance loss and asset value in an attempt to propose a method to determine the critical path that should be prioritized for maintenance. This study aimed at analyzing hazard resilience from the network aspect through a scenario analysis depending on damage recovery after disaster occurrence. This study compared the hazard resilience speed to recover existing performance according to the scenario for damage recovery targeting the selected road network. It was found that the total increase in the utility (e.g., total travel time saved) gradually diminished as the restoration cost increased.

Carpooling—a concept of shared transportation for addressing traffic issues such as congestion and CO₂ emissions—has been actively introduced, especially in developed countries. This study proposes a method to estimate the benefits of introducing carpooling for employees in public agencies that are transferring innovation cities. To overcome the shortcomings of previous carpooling services, a carpooling service for inter-company employees was designed and evaluated in our study. The traffic flow theory was used to estimate the direct benefits to carpooling users and the indirect benefits to express highway drivers. The results indicate that carpooling services have a significant socio-economic cost-saving effect on traffic congestion, environmental cost reduction, and so forth, and will therefore play an important role in traffic demand management.