PURPOSE The study aims to investigate the predictability of the radiological response in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCC) patients undergoing Yttrium -90 transarterial radioembolization (TARE) with a combined model built on dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based radiomics and clinical features. METHODS Thirty-six naive iCC patients who underwent TARE were included in this study. The tumor segmentation was performed on the axial T2 -weighted (T2W) without fat suppression, axial T2W with fat suppression, and axial T1 -weighted (T1W) contrast -enhanced (CE) sequence in equilibrium phase (Eq). At the sixth month MRI follow-up, all patients were divided into responders and non -responders according to the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. Subsequently, a radiomics score (rad-score) and a combined model of the rad-score and clinical features for each sequence were generated and compared between the groups. RESULTS Thirteen (36.1%) patients were considered responders, and the remaining 23 (63.9%) were non -responders. Responders exhibited significantly lower rad-scores than non -responders ( P < 0.050 for all sequences). The radiomics models showed good discriminatory ability with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.696 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.522-0.870] for the axial T1W-CE-Eq, AUC of 0.839 (95% CI, 0.709-0.970) for the axial T2W with fat suppression, and AUC of 0.836 (95% CI, 0.678- 0.995) for the axial T2W without fat suppression. CONCLUSION Radiomics models created by pre-treatment MRIs can predict the radiological response to Yttrium -90 TARE in iCC patients with high accuracy. Combining radiomics with clinical features could increase the power of the test. Large-scale studies of multi -parametric MRIs with internal and external validations are needed to determine the clinical value of radiomics in iCC patients.

Background and Aim: To investigate the correlation of the functional liver imaging scores (FLIS) and the scoring system in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Materials and Methods: Between April 2015 and December 2022, the HCC patients who underwent gadoxetic acid–enhanced MRI were analyzed. Three parameters on hepatobiliary phase images were evaluated for FLIS: liver parenchymal enhancement, biliary excretion, and signal intensity of the portal vein. The correlation between Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) classification, the albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade, and Fibrosis-4 (F-4) score, and FLIS were analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to demonstrate the cut-off value of FLIS for differ-entiating between CTP classification and ALBI grade. Results: We retrospectively analyzed 178 HCC patients (144 men, 34 women; mean age, 65.9 years). A moderate negative correlation was present between CTP classification and ALBI grade, and FLIS (r=-0.596 and r=-0.513, respectively). FLIS ≤3 was determined as the most optimal criterion for differentiating CTP A or B patients from CTP C patients. Conclusion: This study showed that the FLIS is a simple, non-invasive imaging marker for the assessment of liver function in HCC patients.

Background/Objectives: Same-session hybrid treatment joins embolization to immediate microsurgical resection under one anesthetic, closing the interval of partial devascularization that follows staged embolization. Comparative data are scarce. We set out to compare angiographic, functional and safety outcomes after hybrid and after endovascular-only treatment and to judge how far any difference reflects case selection and calendar period rather than the strategies themselves. Methods: We reviewed 43 consecutive patients treated for cerebral arteriovenous malformation at one center between May 2012 and December 2024. Nineteen received same-session hybrid treatment and 24 embolization without same-session surgery. The primary endpoint was complete obliteration on six-month angiography. Differences are reported with 95% confidence intervals, and odds ratios were estimated using Firth penalized regression, since both principal comparisons showed complete separation. Results: Hybrid patients were younger (median 31.0 versus 42.5 years; p = 0.040), with similar sex distribution and Spetzler–Martin grade. Complete obliteration was reached in all 19 hybrid patients (100%) and in 14 of 24 endovascular-only patients (58.3%), representing a difference of 41.7 percentage points (95% CI 17.6–61.2). All four deaths occurred in the hybrid group (21.1% versus 0%; p = 0.031). Complications (15.8% versus 12.5%) and favorable outcome (mRS 0–2, 68.4% versus 75.0%) did not differ. The strategies also belonged to different periods. Eight of 19 hybrid but 21 of 24 endovascular patients were treated before 2019 (p = 0.003), as were three of the four deaths. Conclusions: The hybrid treatment obliterated every malformation but accounted for every death, with no difference in functional outcome. Because the groups served different clinical purposes in different eras, these observations are hypothesis-generating rather than grounds for changing practice.

Kontrastlı mamografi (KM), meme görüntülemesinde morfolojik değerlendirmeye ek olarak fonksiyonel bilgi sağlayan yeni nesil bir görüntüleme yöntemidir. Dijital mamografi ve dijital meme tomosentezi meme kanseri taramasında yaygın olarak kullanılmakla birlikte, özellikle dens meme dokusuna sahip hastalarda duyarlılıklarının sınırlı olabildiği bilinmektedir. KM, iyot bazlı kontrast madde kullanarak tümör neovaskülarizasyonunu ortaya koyan vasküler temelli bir tekniktir ve bu sayede lezyonların vasküler özellikleri hakkında ek bilgi sağlar. Günümüzde en yaygın kullanılan yöntem kontrastlı spektral (dual-enerji) mamografidir. Bu teknikte intravenöz kontrast madde enjeksiyonunu takiben düşük ve yüksek enerjili görüntüler elde edilir ve bu görüntülerin işlenmesiyle kontrast tutulum alanları belirgin hale getirilir. Böylece meme lezyonlarının hem morfolojik hem de fonksiyonel özellikleri tek bir inceleme içerisinde değerlendirilebilir. KM; tanısal değerlendirme, ek tarama, meme içi evreleme, neoadjuvan kemoterapiye yanıtın değerlendirilmesi ve cerrahi sonrası takip gibi çeşitli klinik durumlarda kullanılabilmektedir. Özellikle dens meme dokusuna sahip veya orta risk grubunda yer alan hastalarda tanısal doğruluğu artırma potansiyeline sahiptir. Ayrıca meme manyetik rezonans görüntülemesinin kontrendike olduğu veya erişimin sınırlı olduğu durumlarda daha hızlı, erişilebilir ve nispeten düşük maliyetli bir alternatif sunmaktadır. Mevcut çalışmalar, KM’nin meme kanseri tespitinde yüksek tanısal performans gösterdiğini ve gelecekte meme görüntüleme algoritmalarında önemli bir rol üstlenebileceğini göstermektedir. Contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) is an emerging breast imaging technique that provides functional information in addition to the morphological assessment offered by conventional modalities. Although digital mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis remain widely used in breast cancer screening, their diagnostic sensitivity may be limited, particularly in women with dense breast tissue. CEM is a vascular-based imaging method that utilizes iodinated contrast material to demonstrate tumor-associated neovascularization and provide additional information regarding lesion vascularity. Currently, the most widely implemented technique is contrast-enhanced spectral (dual-energy) mammography. Following intravenous contrast administration, low- and high-energy images are acquired and processed to highlight areas of contrast uptake. This approach enables simultaneous evaluation of both structural and functional characteristics of breast lesions within a single examination. CEM has several clinical applications, including diagnostic evaluation, supplemental screening, preoperative staging, assessment of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and postoperative surveillance. It may be particularly beneficial for patients with dense breast tissue or those at intermediate risk of breast cancer, where it can improve diagnostic accuracy. Furthermore, CEM offers practical advantages such as shorter examination time, greater accessibility, and lower cost compared with breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), making it a valuable alternative when MRI is contraindicated or unavailable. Current evidence indicates that CEM demonstrates high diagnostic performance in breast cancer detection and may play an increasingly important role in future breast imaging algorithms.

Psoas abscess is rare in children. Its nonspecific clinical presentation poses diagnostic challenges. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and demographic characteristics, as well as the diagnostic and therapeutic processes, of 28 pediatric patients diagnosed with psoas abscess, and to provide a broader perspective for the literature. The records of 28 patients treated at a tertiary care hospital between January 1, 2005, and December 1, 2025, were reviewed. Age at admission, presenting complaints, clinical and radiological findings, and treatment regimens were analyzed retrospectively. A total of 28 pediatric patients were included over 20 years. The male-to-female ratio was 1:1. Nine patients (32.1%) were younger than 5 years of age. An underlying condition was identified in 18 patients (64.3%). Hip pain was one of the most common findings and was present in all primary cases. Fever was observed more frequently in secondary cases (54.5%) than in primary cases (16.7%). The most commonly identified microorganisms in cultures were gram-positive pathogens, particularly Staphylococcus species. The median length of hospital stay was 38 (21.0-57.5) days. Surgical intervention was performed in 19 patients (67.9%). No mortality was observed. Psoas abscess is a rare but serious infection that typically presents with nonspecific symptoms. A high index of suspicion is required for diagnosis. Early initiation of antibiotic therapy and timely drainage are among the most important factors influencing prognosis. There are limited studies on this condition in children, and we believe that our study will contribute to the existing literature.