Aquaculture is the most rapidly growing branch of animal production. The efficiency and quality of the produced food depends on sustainable management, water quality, feed prices and the incidence of diseases. Micro- (MP < 5 mm) and nanoplastic (NP < 1000 nm) particles are among the current factors causing serious water pollution. This substance comes solely from products manufactured by humans. MP particles migrate from the terrestrial to the aquatic environment and adversely affect, especially, the health of animals and humans by being a favorable habitat and vector for microbial pathogens and opportunists. More than 30 taxa of pathogens of humans, aquacutural animals and plants, along with opportunistic bacteria, have been detected in plastic-covering biofilm to date. The mobility and durability of the substance, combined with the relatively closed conditions in aquacultural habitats and pathogens’ affinity to the material, make plastic particles a microbiological medium threatening the industry of aquaculture. For this reason, in addition to the fact of plastic accumulation in living organisms, urgent measures should be taken to reduce its influx into the environment. The phenomenon and its implications are related to the concept of one health, wherein the environment, animals and humans affect each other’s fitness.

High abundance of microplastic particles (MPs) in the water environment could be a factor in spreading of pathogens and antimicrobial resistance genes (AMR), especially antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). The aim of our study was to assess changes in the microbial community developing on microplastic surfaces incubated in water from the Oder River—one of Central Europe’s major rivers, flowing through three countries (Czechia, Germany, and Poland)—whose diverse, 20,000-km² catchment area (encompassing industrial, agricultural, and urban regions) ensures a relatively high abundance of microbial communities.Samples of water and sediment were taken from river in Wroclaw area. Then the water was poured into disinfected glass liquid containers and pre-drained sediment was added. Control samples of water and sediment were collected on day 0. Then microplastic particles were added (500 mg; ~ 1 mm). Subsequent sampling was performed after incubation on 7^th and 14^th day. From each group, samples of sediment and water were collected after the incubation period (n = 5/group), for extraction of microbial DNA and library preparation. Sequencing was performed, using MinION sequencer with 10.4.1 Flow cell. Galaxy Europe platform and R program (v 4.3.3), alpha diversity and PERMANOVA with Benjamini–Hochberg p-value correction for multiple comparisons were used. For identification of biomarker taxa being different between groups, ANCOMBC (Analysis of Compositions of Microbiomes with Bias Correction) was performed. Obtained results shown higher abundance of pathogenic bacteria such as Aeromonas salmonicida Vibrio spp., Escherichia coli or Salmonella after 7 days of incubation in water and sediment. Additionally, after 7 days of incubation numbers of ARGs was higher compared to control group.

Although there are quite a number of studies examining the effect of egg laying order on the levels of elements and various chemical substances, none have taken into account the presence or absence of embryonic development in the eggs. In this study, we measured the morphometry (length, breadth, volume, and mass), shell thickness, and concentrations of calcium and 10 other metals (including 8 essential elements: chromium, copper, nickel, manganese, iron, cobalt, zinc, and magnesium; and 2 nonessential elements: lead and cadmium) in the shells and contents of embryonated and nonembryonated eggs across the laying order of Eurasian Reed-Warblers (Acrocephalus scirpaceus). We found a significant increase in egg volume in both nonembryonated and embryonated eggs, and an increase in egg length and mass in embryonated eggs, with laying order. Analysis confirmed significant differences related to laying order between nonembryonated and embryonated eggs in the concentrations of elements measured in shells... RESUMEN Aunque hay un número considerable de estudios que examinan el efecto del orden de puesta de los huevos en los niveles de elementos y varias sustancias químicas, ninguno de ellos ha tenido en cuenta la presencia o ausencia del desarrollo embrional en los huevos. En este estudio medimos la morfometría (longitud, ancho, volumen y masa), el grosor de la cáscara y las concentraciones en las cáscaras y en los contenidos de huevos con y sin embrión de calcio y 10 otros metales (incluyendo elementos esenciales: cromo, cobre, níquel, manganeso, hierro, cobalto, zinc y magnesio; y dos elementos no esenciales: plomo y cadmio), a través del orden de puesta de los huevos en Acrocephalus scirpaceus. Encontramos un aumento significativo en el volumen de los huevos con y sin embrión, y un incremento en la longitud y la masa de los huevos con embrión con el orden de puesta. Los análisis confirmaron diferencias significativas relacionadas con el orden de puesta entre huevos con y sin embrión en la concentración de ...