The development of a green, safe, and accurate sample preparation method for the determination of trace metal elements in environmental samples is of great importance. Choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were used to extract heavy metal elements from litterfall and the target analytes were measured using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Factors such as the type, ratio, dosage, and extraction time and temperature of the DESs were studied. A DES system based on choline chloride and maleic acid had the highest extraction efficiency of 98.5%, 88.4%, 90.2%, and 93.7% for Cd, Cu, Zn, and Fe. Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection and limits of quantification were in the range of 0.04–0.70 and 0.13–2.30 mg kg⁻¹. The repeatability (n = 3), estimated in terms of the relative standard deviation, ranged from 1.14% to 3.40%. The proposed method was validated for accuracy using GBW10087. Notably, the energy consumption of the newly developed method was only one-fifth that of a traditional acid digestion method. This work not only presents an environmentally friendly method for the determination of trace element concentrations in environmental samples but also deepens our understanding of DES systems.

Bambusa rigida is a tropical woody bamboo widely distributed in Sichuan and southeastern of China with important economic and ecological values. We performed a complete chloroplast (cp) genome of B. rigida using Illumina NovaSeq PE150 platform. The length of complete cp sequence is 139,500 bp in size with a pair of inverted repeat (IR) regions of 43,587 bp, which separates a large single-copy (LSC) region of 83,036 bp and a small single-copy (SSC) region of 12,875 bp. Plastid genome contains 132 genes, including 84 protein-coding genes, 40 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis based on 30 cp genomes indicates that B. rigida is closely related to Bambusa ventricosa in Bambuseae.

• Bamboo seeds are rich in fiber, proteins, and microelements. • Amino acids and fatty acids profiles of bamboo seeds are analyzed. • Bamboo seeds depict potential utility as ingredient of functional foods.

To successfully prepare cellulose hydrogels through a dissolution–regeneration process, 60 wt% LiBr aqueous solution was used as a green solvent. Carboxyl groups were precisely introduced onto the surface of the cellulose hydrogels through a TEMPO-mediated oxidation reaction, while the three-dimensional network structure and open pore morphology were completely retained. This modification strategy significantly enhanced the loading capacity of the hydrogels with copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs). The experimental results show that the LiBr aqueous solution can efficiently dissolve cellulose, and the TEMPO oxidation introduces carboxyl groups without destroying the stability of the hydrogels. Cu NPs are uniformly dispersed and highly loaded on the surface of the hydrogel because of the anchoring effect of the carboxyl groups. Cu NP-loaded hydrogels exhibit excellent catalytic activity in the NaBH₄ reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). Cu NP-loaded hydrogels maintain their complete structure and good catalytic performance after five consecutive cycles. Moreover, Cu NP-loaded hydrogels demonstrate high efficiency in degrading organic dyes such as methyl orange and Congo red. This study successfully developed efficient, low-cost, and environmentally friendly Cu NP-loaded hydrogel catalysts through the synergistic effect of LiBr green solvent and TEMPO oxidation modification, providing a feasible alternative to noble metal catalysts.

Bamboo shoot is a green health food with high protein, low fat, low sugar and high fiber. Because of its high nutritional value and delicious taste, it is well received by the vast majority of consumers. However, the bamboo shoots(Phyllostachys edulis) after harvest are very easy to lignify. In this paper, the occurrence of lignification of bamboo shoots (Phyllostachys edulis) under room temperature after harvest were studied.Through the analysis of the physiological indexes of four synthetic enzymes and the relative expression level of it of the lignin, the relative expression of lignin biosynthesis and the relationship between lignin biosynthesis and lignin synthase activity were studied.Correlation between the relative expression level and the lignin synthesis, as well as the enzyme activity and the lignin were studied.The study of lignin biosynthesis physiology of bamboo shoots after harvest is helpful for us to grasp the growth characteristics of bamboo shoots, facilitate production management and timely picking, control and delay its aging process, which can achieve maximum economic value. The results show that: The lignification of the bamboo shoots is a process of advancing from the bottom pare to the upper part; Under the room temperature, the changes of the activity of PAL, POD and 4CL as well as the related expression of the the three parts of bamboo shoots were significantly correlated with the changes in the content of lignin in bamboo shoots, and the three enzymes may be involved in the biosynthesis of lignin; The three parts of the CAD enzyme activity in the bamboo shoot have reached the highest value at 2h, while the CAD related genes in the upper part of the bamboo shoot are the highest at 10h, the highest in the middle part at 2h, and the highest at the lower part at 18h.