Oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammatory responses cause acute liver failure in most cases of acetaminophen (APAP) overdose. Tamarixetin (Trx), an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory flavonoid, has not yet been studied in models of APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. Trx was tested for its protective effects on APAP-induced liver injury in rats using biochemical, histopathological, and oxidative stress parameters. Three groups of 30 male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to the following groups: control, APAP + Saline, and APAP + Trx (3 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneally for 3 days). A single 300 mg/kg intraperitoneal APAP dose caused hepatotoxicity. ALT, MDA, GSH, HSP-70, and thioredoxin were measured in blood and liver tissues. Liver sections were histopathologically examined. APAP depleted hepatic GSH and Trx and increased serum ALT and MDA. Trx treatment significantly reduced ALT (201.2 → 105.1 U/L), MDA (5.5 → 3.4 nmol/mg), and the percentage of histologically damaged hepatocytes (58.5% → 9.5%), while restoring GSH and thioredoxin levels. Notably, HSP-70 expression exceeded that of APAP and control levels, suggesting the modulation of the stress response. The Trx group showed significant hepatoprotection histologically. Trx reduces APAP-induced hepatic damage, likely through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. These findings suggest that Trx may be a natural hepatoprotectant, warranting clinical trials.

Purpose: Due to wars and disasters, people migrate forcibly due to their need for safe housing and health care. In our study, we aimed to the demographic and clinical typical of immigrants with end-stage renal disease and to make a cost analysis. Materials and Methods: Our study is single-center and retrospective. Migrant patients who have end-stage renal disease who met the study criteria were included in the study. Demographic data, clinical data, laboratory data and treatment cost data of the cases were added to the previously created form. Results: Our study was conducted with 696 patients. 64.2% of the cases were female and the median age was 67 years. 65.5% of the cases were of Syrian nationality. Hemodialysis was applied to all of the cases, of which 47% were urgently. 55.2% of these cases were hospitalized and mortality was observed in 13.2% of all cases. Age was statistically higher in cases with mortality. Urea and creatinine in patients with mortality were significantly higher; pH, HCO3 and GFR were statistically lower. Mortality was statistically higher in cases requiring urgent hemodialysis and hospitalized in the ICU. The cost of health was statistically higher in surviving cases. Again, in patients who were hospitalized, both the time allocated for care and the cost of health were statistically higher than in outpatients. Conclusion: Establishing routine dialysis programs by identifying immigrant cases with end-stage renal disease will both reduce mortality and morbidity for patients, reduce health costs in countries, and reduce emergency department densities.

Purpose This study evaluated whether the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), calculated from admission blood counts, predicts complicated acute diverticulitis, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and 30-day mortality. Methods In this single-center retrospective observational study, 182 adults with computed tomography-confirmed acute diverticulitis and 182 age-matched controls were analyzed. Admission neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and SII were calculated. Associations with clinical severity, complications, ICU admission, readmission, and mortality were assessed using non-parametric tests, Spearman correlation, and receiver operating characteristic analysis. Results White blood cell count, neutrophil count, C-reactive protein (CRP), NLR, PLR, and SII were higher in patients than in controls, whereas lymphocyte count was lower (all p < 0.001). SII correlated strongly with NLR (rho = 0.942), PLR (rho = 0.875), and CRP (rho = 0.673; all p < 0.001), and was also associated with abscess size, length of stay, and Clavien-Dindo grade. For 30-day mortality, SII yielded the highest discrimination (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.890, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.812–0.968). At a cut-off of 1917.74, sensitivity was 88.9% and specificity was 77.4%. Its performance was more limited for complicated disease (AUC = 0.635) and ICU admission (AUC = 0.678). Conclusion Admission SII reflects inflammatory burden and adverse clinical course in acute diverticulitis. It appears most useful for short-term mortality risk stratification, but should complement rather than replace clinical assessment and imaging.

Background and aim: Acute appendicitis (AA) is one of the most common causes of acute abdomen conditions and continues to cause mortality and morbidity despite all the improvements. There is still a necessity for inexpensive and easily calculable index and scoring systems with fewer side effects for the diagnosis of AA and the detection of complications. Since the systemic immune-inflammation index (SIII) is an index that could be used in this context, we aimed to measure the success and reliability of SIII for the diagnosis of AA and related complications and to contribute to the literature. Methods Our study was carried out retrospectively in a tertiary care hospital and conducted with 180 AA patients (study group-SG) and 180 control group (CG) patients. Demographic data, laboratory data, and clinical data of the cases, as well as Alvarado score (AS), Adult Appendicitis Score (AAS), and SIII and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) values calculated from laboratory data were recorded in the previously created study form. p < 0.05 was accepted as the significance level for the study. Results In this study, age and gender were similar in the SG and CG groups. SIII and NLR levels calculated in SG cases were found to be significantly higher than CG. In addition, SIII and NLR levels were found to be significantly higher in complicated AA cases than in complicated cases. Although SIII was more significant in the diagnosis of AA; NLR was more successful than SIII in detecting the presence of complications. SIII, NLR, AAS, and AS were significantly positively correlated in the diagnosis of AA. In the presence of peritonitis, SIII and NLR were also found to be significantly higher when compared to cases without peritonitis. Conclusions We found that SIII is a usable index in the diagnosis of AA and the prediction of complicated AA. However, NLR was found to be more significant than SIII in estimating complicated AA. In addition, it is recommended to be careful in terms of peritonitis in cases with high SIII and NLR levels.

Amaç: Ramazan, İslami ay takviminin dokuzuncu ayında, Müslümanların gün doğumundan gün batımına kadar oruç tuttukları bir dönemdir. Bu dönemde yiyecek ve içeceklerden uzak durmak, ağız sağlığı üzerinde etkiler yaratabilir. Dünya genelinde yaygın olan periodontal hastalıklar ve diş çürükleri, özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkelerde ciddi bir sorun teşkil eder. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Ramazan ayında oruç tutan bireylerde periodontal hastalıkların insidansını incelemek ve bu konuda literatüre katkı sağlamaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu retrospektif çalışma, 2021 ve 2022 yıllarında travma dışı diş hastalıkları nedeniyle bir şehir hastanesinin acil servisine başvuran hastaları incelemiştir. Ramazan ayı boyunca yapılan diş hastalığı başvuruları, Ramazan dışındaki aylardaki başvurularla karşılaştırılmıştır. Veriler hasta dosyalarından elde edilip SPSS 26.0 programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Anlamlılık düzeyi p