This study applies Safety II principles within a storytelling- and RAG-based questionnaire to explore how resilience engineering (RE) principles and practices are perceived and implemented in Italy’s manufacturing sector. Before completing the questionnaire, accident and near-miss scenarios were presented through narrative stories. The cross-sectional study on 334 companies reveals that Monitor and Respond are prioritized over Anticipate and Learn, with medium-large companies and those adopting technological innovations showing more advanced resilience-oriented OSH management practices. The study emphasizes the importance of company size and technological adoption in shaping safety practices, recommending investment in innovative solutions and fostering a culture that addresses near misses to prevent severe accidents and support continuous improvement.