To determine the formula for biomimetic warm-mix regeneration and fulfill the requirements of a “high waste asphalt mixture content, high quality, and high level” for its usage in reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), this paper first determined the suitable preparation process and formula for biomimetic warm-mix regeneration based on orthogonal experiments and a gray correlation analysis. Then, the optimum dosage of the warm-mix regenerant was determined by a uniaxial penetration test, low-temperature splitting test, and freeze–thaw penetration test. The rutting test was conducted to characterize the high-temperature performance of the asphalt mixture. The Immersion Marshall Test and the freeze–thaw splitting test were used to characterize the water stability of the recycled asphalt mixture. The low-temperature small beam test was employed to study the low-temperature performance of the recycled asphalt mixture. The asphalt’s short-term and long-term aging processes were simulated using the rotary thin-film oven test (RTFOT) and the pressure aging test (PAV). The action mechanism of biomimetic warm-mix regeneration was revealed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Finally, a comprehensive thermal performance test was conducted on the aged asphalt after biomimetic warm-mix regeneration. The results showed that the self-made biomimetic warm-mix regeneration agent exhibited an excellent regenerative effect on RAP and significantly reduced the mixing temperature of the styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS)-modified asphalt mixture. In addition, the self-made biomimetic warm-mix regeneration agent effectively improved the high- and low-temperature performance of the recycled asphalt mixture, but had no noticeable effect on the water stability. The suggested dosage of the biomimetic warm-mix regeneration agent was 6%, and the mixing temperature was 130 °C. The microscopic chemical analysis revealed that biomimetic warm-mix regeneration restored the performance of aged asphalt by supplementing the light component. The change rules of the chemical functional groups and the comprehensive thermal properties of the recycled mixture showed a good correlation with the change rules of its high- and low-temperature performance.

Warm-mix recycled asphalt (WMA-R) technology for reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) significantly reduces energy consumption and environmental pollution while maintaining the performance of asphalt mixtures. Significant progress has been made at home and abroad in evaluating the impact of regenerated asphalt mixtures on the performance of regenerated asphalt. However, the performance improvement of WMA-R depends on the effective diffusion of regenerated agents and their interaction mechanism with aged asphalt, which has not been fully studied. This paper systematically studies the diffusion characteristics of biomimetic-based warm-mix regenerant in aged asphalt and its impact on the high- and low-temperature performance of asphalt mixtures through MD and experimental verification. The results show that biomimetic-based warm-mix regenerant can significantly improve the diffusion performance of aged asphalt. Through the rutting test and low-temperature bending test, the significant improvement of the biomimetic-based warm-mix regenerant in the rutting resistance and crack resistance of asphalt mixtures was verified.