With increasing technological demand for portable electronic and photovoltaic devices, it has become critical to ensure the electrical and mechano-electric reliability of electrodes in such devices. However, the limited flexibility and high processing costs of traditional electrodes based on indium tin oxide undermine their application in flexible devices. Among various alternative materials for flexible electrodes, such as metallic/carbon nanowires or meshes, silver nanowire (Ag NW) networks are regarded as promising candidates owing to their excellent electrical, optical, and mechano-electric properties. In this context, there have been tremendous studies on the physico-chemical and mechano-electric properties of Ag NW networks. At the same time, it has been a crucial job to maximize the device performance (or their mechano-electric performance) by reconciliation of various properties. This review discusses the properties and device applications of Ag NW networks under dynamic motion by focusing on notable findings and cases in the recent literature. Initially, we introduce the fabrication (deposition process) of Ag NW network-based electrodes from solution-based coating processes (drop casting, spray coating, spin coating, etc.) to commercial processes (slot-die and roll-to-roll coating). We also discuss the electrical/optical properties of Ag NW networks, which are governed by percolation, and their electrical contacts. Second, the mechano-electric properties of Ag NW networks are reviewed by describing individual and combined properties of NW networks with dynamic motion under cyclic loading. The improved mechano-electric properties of Ag NW network-based flexible electrodes are also discussed by presenting various approaches, including post-treatment and hybridization. Third, various Ag NW-based flexible devices (electronic and optoelectronic devices) are introduced by discussing their operation principles, performance, and challenges. Finally, we offer remarks on the challenges facing the current studies and discuss the direction of research in this field, as well as forthcoming issues to be overcome to achieve integration into commercial devices.

Octyl formate is an important substance used in the perfume industry in products such as cosmetics, perfumes, and flavoring. Octyl formate is mostly produced by chemical catalysts. However, using enzymes as catalysts has gathered increasing interest due to their environment-friendly proprieties. In the present study, we aimed to identify the optimal conditions for the synthesis of octyl formate through immobilized enzyme-mediated esterification. We investigated the effects of enzymatic reaction parameters including the type of immobilized enzyme, enzyme concentration, molar ratio of reactants, reaction temperature, and type of solvent using the optimization method of one factor at a time (OFAT). The maximum conversion achieved was 96.51% with Novozym 435 (15 g/L), a 1:7 formic acid to octanol ratio, a reaction temperature of 40 °C, and with 1,2-dichloroethane as solvent. Moreover, we demonstrated that the Novozym 435 can be reused under the optimal conditions without affecting the octyl formate yield, which could help reduce the economic burden associated with enzymatic synthesis.