Many natural products have been acquired from plants for their helpful properties. Medicinal plants are used for treating a variety of pathologies or symptoms. The axes of many pathological processes are inflammation, oxidative stress, and senescence. This work is focused on identifying Mexican medicinal plants with potential anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and anti-senescence effects through network analysis and chemoinformatic screening of their phytochemicals. We used computational methods to analyze drug-like phytochemicals in Mexican medicinal plants, multi-target compounds, and signaling pathways related to anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and anti-senescence mechanisms. A total of 1373 phytochemicals are found in 1025 Mexican medicinal plants, and 148 compounds showed no harmful functionalities. These compounds displayed comparable structures with reference molecules. Based on their capacity to interact with pharmacological targets, three clusters of Mexican medicinal plants have been established. Curatella americana, Ximenia americana, Malvastrum coromandelianum, and Manilkara zapota all have anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and anti-senescence effects. Plumeria rubra, Lonchocarpus yucatanensis, and Salvia polystachya contained phytochemicals with anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and anti-senescence reported activity. Lonchocarpus guatemalensis, Vallesia glabra, Erythrina oaxacana, and Erythrina sousae have drug-like phytochemicals with potential anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and anti-senescence effects. Between the drug-like phytochemicals, lonchocarpin, vallesine, and erysotrine exhibit potential anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and anti-senescence effects. For the first time, we conducted an initial virtual screening of selected Mexican medicinal plants, which was subsequently confirmed in vivo, evaluating the anti-inflammatory activity of Lonchocarpus guatemalensis Benth in mice.

Prolactin (PRL) is a hormone primarily associated with lactation, but it plays various roles in both men and women. PRL belongs to the family of peptide hormones, including placental lactogen and growth hormone. Interestingly, PRL is a pleiotropic hormone affecting several physiological and pathological conditions, including fertility. Moreover, several pathophysiological roles have been associated with this hormone, including those of the immune system, autoimmune disorders, asthma, and ageing. Additionally, PRL receptors are ubiquitously expressed in tissues, including the mammary gland, gonads, liver, kidney, adrenal gland, brain, heart, lungs, pituitary gland, uterus, skeletal muscle, skin blood cells, and immune system. Therefore, in the present paper, we cover the potential role that PRL may play in asthma by promoting inflammation and modulating immune responses. The detection of its receptor in lung tissue suggests a direct role in airway smooth muscle contractility through activation of signaling pathways such as JAK2-STAT5, MAPK/ERK1/2, and PI3K/Akt, as well as influencing ionic currents that regulate cell contraction, proliferation, and survival. In this sense, this review aims to explore the potential involvement of PRL in asthma pathophysiology by examining its interactions with intracellular signaling pathways and its possible impact on airway smooth muscle contractility and immune modulation.

Background and Clinical Significance: Herein, we describe the clinical case of a 17-year-old patient with psychotic disorder secondary to cerebral venous thrombosis due to primary thrombophilia, which was related to protein S deficiency and a heterozygous MTHFR gene mutation with the p.Ala222Val variant. Case presentation: A 17-year-old female, with no history of previous illnesses, was admitted to the emergency service department due to a psychotic break. Psychiatric evaluation detected disorganized thought, euphoria, ideas that were fleeting and loosely associated, psychomotor excitement, and deviant judgment. On the fifth day, an inflammatory process in the parotid gland was detected, pointing out a probable viral meningoencephalitis, prompting antiviral and antimicrobial treatment. One week after antiviral and steroidal anti-inflammatory treatments, the symptoms’ improvement was minimal, which led to further neurological workup. MRI venography revealed a filling defect in the transverse sinus, consistent with cerebral venous thrombosis. Consequently, anticoagulation treatment with enoxaparin was initiated. The patient’s behavior improved, revealing that the encephalopathic symptoms were secondary to thrombosis of the venous sinus. Hematological studies indicated the cause of the venous sinus thrombosis was a primary thrombophilia caused by a heterozygous MTHFR mutation variant p.Ala222Val and a 35% decrease in plasmatic protein S. Conclusions: This case highlights the possible relationship between psychiatric and thrombotic disorders, suggesting that both the MTHFR mutation and protein S deficiency could lead to psychotic disorders. Early detection of thrombotic risk factors in early-onset psychiatric disorders is essential for the comprehensive management of patients.

Prolactin (PRL) is a hormone primarily associated with lactation, but it plays various roles in both men and women. PRL belongs to the family of peptide hormones, in-cluding placental lactogen and growth hormone. Interestingly, PRL is a pleiotropic hor-mone affecting several physiological and pathological functions, including fertility. Moreover, several pathophysiological roles have been associated with such a hormone, including those of the immune system, autoimmune disorders, asthma, and ageing. Ad-ditionally, PRL receptors are ubiquitously expressed in tissues including the mammary gland, gonads, liver, kidney, adrenal gland, brain, heart, lungs, pituitary gland, uterus, skeletal muscle, skin, and blood cells, immune system. Therefore, in the present paper, we will resume the potential of the PRL may contribute to asthma by promoting inflamma-tion and modulating immune responses. The detection of its receptor in lung tissue sug-gests a direct role in airway smooth muscle contractility through activation of signaling pathways such as JAK2-STAT5, MAPK/ERK1/2, and PI3K/Akt, as well as influencing ion-ic currents that regulate cell contraction, proliferation, and survival. In this sense, this re-view aims to explore the potential involvement of PRL in asthma pathophysiology by examining its interactions with intracellular signaling pathways and its possible impact on airway smooth muscle contractility and immune modulation.

Background and Clinical Significance: Herein we describe the clinical case of a 17-year-old patient with psychotic disorder due to primary thrombophilia, which was re-lated to protein S deficiency and P.ALA22VAL variant MTHFR gene mutation. Case presentation: A 17-year-old female, with no history of previous illnesses, was admitted to the emergency service due to a psychotic break. Psychiatric evaluation detected disor-ganized thought, euphoria, ideas that were fleeting and loosely associated, psychomotor excitement, and deviant judgment. On the fifth day, an inflammatory process in the pa-rotid gland was detected, pointing out a probable viral meningoencephalitis. An antiviral and antimicrobial treatment was immediately given. One week after antiviral and steroi-dal anti-inflammatory treatments, the symptoms improvement was minimal, leading to a presumptive diagnosis of an encephalopathic syndrome. Given the suspicion of a vascu-lar event, a venous MRI was performed, showing a filling defect in the transverse sinus; consequently, anticoagulation treatment with enoxaparin was initiated. The patient´s be-havior improved, revealing that the encephalopathic symptoms were secondary to thrombosis of the venous sinus. Hematological studies were performed to rule out prima-ry coagulopathy and primary thrombophilia; these studies demonstrated a MTHFR mu-tation variant P.ALA22VAL and a 35% decrease in plasmatic Protein S. Conclusion, this case highlights the feasible relationship between psychiatric and hematological disorders, underlining the importance of the MTHFR mutation and protein S deficiency in the de-velopment and progression of psychotic disorders. Early detection of these factors is es-sential for comprehensive management in patients with onset of atypical psychiatric illnesses.