Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent key regulators of gene transcription during the inflammatory response. Recent findings showed lncRNAs to be dysregulated in human diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes, allergies, asthma, and cancer. These noncoding RNAs are crucial for immune mechanism, as they are involved in differentiation, cell migration and in the production of inflammatory mediators through regulating protein–protein interactions or their ability to assemble with RNA and DNA. The last interaction can occur in cis or trans and is responsible for all the possible lncRNAs biological effects. Our proposal is to provide an overview on lncRNAs roles and functions related to immunity and immune mediated diseases, since these elucidations could be beneficial to untangle the complex bond between them.

Extracranial metastases from meningioma are extremely rare with an incidence of <1% and their prognosis is poor. Moreover, there is currently no gold standard for their treatment and, therefore, the decision making is strictly depending upon multidisciplinary discussion. In this re-port, we describe the case of a 73-year-old patient who was diagnosed with a solitary lung metas-tasis over 20 years after initial treatment for a low-grade meningioma. Molecular characterization of this metastasis was performed by Oncomine Comprehensive Assay Plus recording multiple func-tional mutations on b2microglobulin and ATM genes. A short overview of the literature is also reported. To our knowledge, no previous reports exist on single pulmonary metastasis from low-grade meningioma occurring more than 20 years after diagnosis.

Extracranial metastases from meningiomas are extremely rare, with an incidence of <1%, and their prognosis is poor. Moreover, there is currently no gold standard for their treatment; therefore, the decision-making process is strictly dependent on multidisciplinary discussions. In this report, we describe the case of a 73-year-old patient who was diagnosed with a solitary lung metastasis more than 20 years after the initial treatment for a low-grade meningioma. Molecular characterization of this metastasis was performed using the Oncomine Comprehensive Assay Plus, which identified multiple functional mutations in the beta2-microglobulin (β2M) and ATM genes, both of which may contribute to immune evasion and genomic instability. A short overview of the literature is also reported. To our knowledge, no previous reports exist on single pulmonary metastasis from low-grade meningioma occurring more than 20 years after diagnosis.