On the occasion of the 20th anniversary of the discovery of acrylamide in food, an analysis of patents related to the mitigation of this compound in food products obtained through immersion frying was carried out. For this purpose, a comprehensive search, compilation, and information analysis were conducted using free online databases such as Google Patents, Patenscope, and Lens. The search yielded a total of 79 patents within the considered time period (2002-2022). The countries with the highest number of granted patents were the United States, the European Union, and South Korea. The patents were classified into four main approaches: raw material modification (49%), application of pre-treatments (27%), process modification (16%), and measurement techniques (8%). Among the results, Frito-Lay, an American company, stands out as the food industry company with the highest number of granted patents, totaling 15. Based on this review, it is concluded that while a significant number of patents have been granted in recent years, there is still a lag in developing countries. Furthermore, more studies are needed to determine acrylamide in starchy food matrices subjected to immersion frying different from potatoes.

Objectives: To study the effect of deep fat frying on the mass transfer and color changes of ArepaCon Huevo. Methods: The product was prepared as a round plate (diameter: 10 cm and thickness: 2.5 cm). Palm oil was used in a 7 L fryer at 170, 180 °C and 190°C under a ratio of 250 g sample/L oil. Findings: Moisture content decreased as time and temperature increased (p<0.05). Da coefficients in increased order of temperature were: (1.75 ± 0.01, 3.56 ± 0.08 and 5.03 ± 0.06 x10-7) m2/s, with kc values of (4.26 ± 0.31, 6.31 ± 0.45 y 9.58 ± 0.81) m/s. The activation energy calculated with Arrhenius equation was 63.96 kJ/mol. The rate of oil absorption was higher at low temperatures, with values of (1.28 ± 0.06, 0.77 ± 0.02 and 0.67 ± 0.04 x 10-3) s-1 and an activation energy of 50.66 kJ/mol. Lightness (L*) decreased with increasing factors, varying from 75.02 ± 3.42 (before frying) to 46.82 ± 2.28 at 190 °C. This was attributed to the non-enzymatic browning at high temperatures. Application: Understand mass transfer parameter is important in order to optimize the frying processing of ArepaCon Huevo.

The growing global consumption of coffee has positioned Colombia as the third largest producer worldwide. However, the processing of coffee beans generates significant by-products, such as mucilage, which is rich in phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity. Inadequate disposal of this waste creates environmental problems and economic losses. This research aimed to develop high-quality coffee mucilage capsules using spray drying technology. Chemically modified banana starch with octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) and commercial maltodextrin were used as coating materials to enhance the properties of the capsules. Physicochemical and functional characterization was performed on samples of fresh and filtered coffee mucilage (MF), concentrated mucilage (MC), concentrated mucilage with the addition of maltodextrin and OSA-modified starch (MCMA), and finally, spray-dried coffee mucilage powder (MP). The antioxidant capacity (AC) of the mucilage was evaluated throughout the processing stages. MF showed an AC of 179.2 µmol of trolox/100 g, while the final coffee mucilage powder (MP) showed a significantly higher AC of 5444.35 µmol of trolox/100 g. Additionally, the MP showed a stability index of 0.48, water activity (aw) of 0.19, solubility of 14.64%, and a high water retention capacity of 90.53%. Microscopic analysis revealed amorphous structures with an average size of 29.16 ± 2.12 µm in the MP. These findings highlight the potential of spray drying with food-grade matrices such as OSA-modified banana starch to encapsulate coffee mucilage, preserving its antioxidant capacity and creating a new functional food ingredient with water retention properties.