LEONIDAS CRUZADO

Dr. LEONIDAS CRUZADO

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Research Focus & Metrics

Academic Career Length

6Years (2021-Present)

(Calculated once Scilit publication data is synced: current year − year of first publication + 1)

Representative Publications

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6 July 2023 in Biomedicines
Verified
Journal Article
Open access
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JFJosé Carlos De La Flor
José Carlos De La Flor
DHDaniel Eduardo Villa Hurtado
Daniel Eduardo Villa Hurtado
LCLEONIDAS CRUZADO
LEONIDAS CRUZADO
JAJacqueline Apaza
Jacqueline Apaza
FVFrancisco Valga
Francisco Valga
MRMiguel Rodeles
Miguel Rodeles
SGLT-2i are the new standard of care for diabetic kidney disease (DKD), but previous studies have not included patients on kidney replacement therapy (KRT). Due to their high risk of cardiovascular, renal complications, and mortality, these patients would benefit the most from this therapy. Residual kidney function (RKF) conveys a survival benefit and cardiovascular health among hemodialysis (HD) patients, especially those on incremental hemodialysis (iHD). We retrospectively describe the safety and efficacy of SGLT2i regarding RKF preservation in seven diabetic patients with different clinical backgrounds who underwent iHD (one or two sessions per week) during a 12-month follow-up. All patients preserved RKF, measured as residual kidney urea clearance (KrU) in 24 h after the introduction of SGLT2i. KrU levels improved significantly from 4.91 ± 1.14 mL/min to 7.28 ± 1.68 mL/min at 12 months (p = 0.028). Pre-hemodialysis blood pressure improved 9.95% in mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p = 0.015) and 10.95% in mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (p = 0.041); as a result, antihypertensive medication was modified. Improvements in blood uric acid, hemoglobin A1c, urine albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR), and 24 h proteinuria were also significant. Regarding side effects, two patients developed uncomplicated urinary tract infections that were resolved. No other complications were reported. The use of SGLT2i in our sample of DKD patients starting iHD on a 1–2 weekly regimen appears to be safe and effective in preserving RKF.

23 April 2021 in Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis
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Journal Article
Closed access
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ASAlba Santos
Alba Santos
NMNicolás Macías
Nicolás Macías
AVAlmudena Vega
Almudena Vega
SASoraya Abad
Soraya Abad
TLTania Linares
Tania Linares
JLJuan Manuel López‐Gómez
Juan Manuel López‐Gómez

30 June 2021 in Kidney Research and Clinical Practice
Verified
Journal Article
Open access
PDF file
ASAlba Santos
Alba Santos
NMNicolás Macías
Nicolás Macías
LCLEONIDAS CRUZADO
LEONIDAS CRUZADO
AVAlmudena Vega
Almudena Vega

30 April 2022 in Nefrología
Verified
Journal Article
Open access
MLMaría Ovidia López-Oliva
María Ovidia López-Oliva
IPIsabel Pérez-Flores
Isabel Pérez-Flores
MMMaria Molina
Maria Molina
MAM. José Aladrén
M. José Aladrén
HTHernando Trujillo
Hernando Trujillo
CJCarlos Jiménez
Carlos Jiménez
La infección por SARS-CoV2 ha impactado de forma importante en los pacientes con trasplante renal causando una elevada mortalidad en los primeros meses de la pandemia. La reducción intencionada de la inmunosupresión se ha postulado como uno de los pilares en el manejo de la infección ante la falta de un tratamiento antiviral dirigido. Esta se ha modificado de acuerdo con la situación clínica de los pacientes, y su efecto sobre la función renal o los anticuerpos anti-HLA a medio plazo no ha sido evaluado. Evaluar los cambios de inmunosupresión realizados durante la infección por SARS-CoV2, así como la función renal y los anticuerpos anti-HLA de los pacientes trasplantados de riñón a los 6 meses del diagnóstico de COVID19. Estudio retrospectivo, multicéntrico nacional (30 centros) de pacientes trasplantados de riñón con COVID19 desde el 01/02/20 al 31/12/20. Se recogieron las variables de la historia clínica y se incluyeron en una base de datos anonimizada. Se utilizó el programa estadístico SPSS para el análisis de resultados. Se incluyeron 615 trasplantados renales con COVID19 (62,6% varones), con una edad media de 57,5 años. El tratamiento inmunosupresor predominante antes del COVID19 era la triple terapia con prednisona, tacrolimus y ácido micofenólico (54,6%) seguido de los regímenes con inhibidores m-TOR (18,6%). Tras el diagnóstico de la infección se suspendió el ácido micofenólico en el 73,8% de los pacientes, el inhibidor m-TOR en el 41,4%, tacrolimus en el 10,5% y ciclosporina A en el 10%. A su vez, el 26,9% recibieron dexametasona y al 50,9% se les inició o aumentó la dosis de prednisona basal. La creatinina media antes del diagnóstico de COVID19, en el momento del diagnóstico y a los 6 meses fue de 1,7 ± 0,8; 2,1 ± 1,2 y 1,8 ± 1 mg/dl, respectivamente (p < 0,001). Al 56,9% de los pacientes (N = 350) se les monitorizó los anticuerpos anti-HLA. El 94% (N = 329) no presentaron cambios en los anti-HLA, mientras que el 6% (N = 21) los positivizaron. De entre los pacientes con anticuerpos donante-específicos post-COVID19 (N = 9), a 7 pacientes (3,1%) se les había suspendido un inmunosupresor (en 5 de ellos se suspendió ácido micofenólico y en 2 tacrolimus), a un paciente los 2 inmunosupresores (3,4%) y al otro paciente no se le había modificado la inmunosupresión (1,1%), siendo estas diferencias no significativas. El manejo de la inmunosupresión tras el diagnóstico de COVID19 se basó fundamentalmente en la suspensión de ácido micofenólico con reducciones o suspensiones muy discretas de inhibidores de calcineurina. Este manejo de la inmunosupresión no influyó en la función renal ni en cambios de los anticuerpos anti-HLA a los 6 meses del diagnóstico.

1 September 2021 in Nefrología (English Edition)
Verified
Journal Article
Open access
LCLEONIDAS CRUZADO
LEONIDAS CRUZADO
AGAlba Santos García
Alba Santos García

29 June 2026 in Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
Verified
Journal Article
Closed access
JRJosé Enrique Ruiz-Cabello
José Enrique Ruiz-Cabello
FYFederico Yandian
Federico Yandian
ITIrina B Torres
Irina B Torres
Miguel  Ángel Pérez ValdiviaMiguel Ángel Pérez Valdivia
Miguel Ángel Pérez Valdivia
CMCamilo Montero
Camilo Montero
FCFernando Caravaca-Fontán
Fernando Caravaca-Fontán
Background: C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) and primary immune complex–mediated membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (IC-MPGN) frequently recur after kidney transplantation and represent leading causes of graft loss. However, the natural history of recurrent disease and the prognostic value of longitudinal kidney biomarkers remain poorly defined. Methods: We conducted a multinational, retrospective cohort study of adults and children with biopsy-proven recurrent C3G or primary IC-MPGN in the kidney allograft (2001–2023). Patients were enrolled from 48 centers across 11 countries and required ≥4 serial measurements of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and proteinuria after recurrence. Longitudinal trajectories of eGFR and proteinuria and their association with graft failure were evaluated using linear mixed-effects and Bayesian joint longitudinal–survival models. Complement genetic and autoantibody testing was performed in a subset of patients. Results: Of 332 eligible transplant recipients, 134 developed biopsy-proven recurrence (C3GN 60%, DDD 12%, IC-MPGN 28%). Median time to recurrence was 16 months, and 58% progressed to graft failure after a median follow-up of 62 months. Earlier recurrence, lower serum albumin, and higher histologic chronicity independently predicted failure. Joint models demonstrated that lower eGFR and higher proteinuria were dynamically associated with higher graft failure risk. Time-averaged proteinuria >1 g/day and eGFR lowering steeper than –5 mL/min/1.73 m 2 /year identified high-risk trajectories. Among 71 tested patients, 34% carried pathogenic complement variants and 23% had complement-directed autoantibodies; autoantibody-positive patients experienced earlier graft failure despite similar overall failure rates. Conclusions: Recurrent C3G and primary IC-MPGN after transplantation are associated with poor long-term outcomes, substantial histologic injury, and marked biological heterogeneity. Longitudinal eGFR and proteinuria provide powerful prognostic information, and clinically meaningful thresholds (>1 g/day time-averaged proteinuria; eGFR slope steeper than –5 mL/min/1.73 m 2 /year) refine risk stratification. Dynamic biomarkers may serve as surrogate endpoints, underscoring the need for prospective validation with emerging proximal complement therapies.