Mobile application integrated with cryptocurrency would be an innovative solution for making medicine purchase in the future. This research work fixates on the design and implementation of a crypto pharmacy - digital medicine utilizing hybrid blockchain technology. We present the concept of crypto medicine that eliminates third-party presence (buy/sell) in a medicine purchase. The proposed design integrates the mobile application with the NEM blockchain. The manufacturer engenders the digital medicines with NEM blockchain namespace, all the pharma products are assigned with NEM cryptocurrency XEM, labeled with a QR code. Our archetype model (perspicacious detector) executes the astute contract that connects all the stakeholders in a pharma supply chain. The proposed mobile application has been prosperously integrated with NEM cryptocurrency by assigning XEM for the medicines, all the transactions are monitored in a blockchain from manufacturer to culminate-utilizer. The mobile application designed utilizing apple iOS integrated with nem2sdk swift framework. This system evades a few millions worth of substandard medicine integrated in the ecumenical market every year. In additament to crypto medicine, the genuine-time monitoring of liquid medicine has been tested with the IoT platform. It fetches the temperature data into the blockchain and authenticates the reliability of medicine for patients.

Ecumenical carbon dioxide (CO2) emission emanates from car, bus, taxi, and motorcycle is around 45%. Electric vehicle could be the major contributor to abbreviate the pollution level in a transportation sector. According to the Forbes report the ecumenical passenger electric vehicle demand expected to reach 15% in 2025, and 23% in 2030. This research provides a blockchain predicated solution for a pre-owned electric vehicle market that could engender a trust, transparency, immutable records, and an efficient way to track the entire life cycle of a futuristic electric vehicle supply chain. At present most of the pre-owned electric conveyance purchase transpires through the third-party accommodations, websites, and mobile applications. This does not provide the authentic information on electric conveyance history, charging capabilities of the battery, history of the charging records, and performance of the driver (wear and tear affect battery life). Our solution implemented utilizing hybrid blockchain technology. Each stakeholder assigned with the Ethereum blockchain address to track the vehicle records as a distributed ledger. This design considered electric vehicle manufacturer, charging station, battery manufacturer, road convey ascendancy as major stakeholders. Astute contract designed with solidity programming. Truffle platform used to deploy keenly intellective contract in private blockchain that ascertain the privacy of electric conveyance owners and other stakeholders. Meta mask a mobile application utilized kovan network for tracking vehicle in a public blockchain. This application tested with 0.1 Ether for each transaction. Blockchain Electric Vehicle Cloud of Things (BEVCoT) concept proposed to integrate the IoT-Blockchain application in a cloud environment.

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder caused by high blood sugar levels, which can harm the kidneys, the heart, the eyes, and blood vessels. During the Covid-19 pandemic, diabetes patients were most affected. In the existing healthcare system, medical data is available in paper form or through a central server. Accessing the data from the central system and sharing it with all stakeholders would be a critical task during the pandemic. This research work deals with the design and implementation of a diabetes blockchain consortium. It can help all healthcare stakeholders to efficiently prioritize the needs of diabetes patients during a pandemic, such as oxygen beds, vaccinations, diabetes compensation, telemedicine, 5G-integrated remote location support, and other related records. The Ethereum sandbox simulation design is utilized to secure diabetes patients’ healthcare records. The Interplanetary file system (IPFS) encrypts health data and sends it to the blockchain to ensure the privacy of personal healthcare information. The NEM symbol blockchain is used to develop this consortium as a proof-of-concept (PoC) model. Each stakeholder in a consortium is assigned NEM generated QR code to track records as a distributed ledger. A smart contract designed to run the diabetes blockchain application. Attribute-based encryption (ABE) authenticates users and restricts malicious nodes. Certainly, this research suggests aggregation of transactions and blocks in the blockchain, which would increase transaction speed, minimize transaction fees, and consume less power in a future blockchain design.

3D metal foams have recently been developed as promising scaffolds for the fabrication of high-performance functional materials. Nevertheless, typical templating or coating methods usually face difficulties such as poor adhesion at the interface and complicated fabrication procedures, which are detrimental to their practical applications. Recently, the development of semisacrificial conversion strategies for the direct transformation of the conductive substrate into a binder-free hierarchical architecture has received much attention due to its easy implementation and scalability. Despite the great progress achieved in this field, there is still a lack of a cohesive perspective that connects material design, conversion mechanism, and the corresponding application performance. Herein, an insightful overview is provided to correlate the key parameters of material design, conversion processes and their relationship with structure-property-performance relationships. First, the main material design considerations are highlighted and the role played by various substrate properties, electrolyte composition and reaction conditions during the formation of the hierarchical structure are illustrated. Next, the fundamental mechanisms of conversion reactions including the corrosion-induced dissolution, ion diffusion, nucleation kinetics and phase transition have been comprehensively reviewed, with emphasis on recent in-situ or operando research results. The relationship between the structural properties and the above mechanisms is elaborated in detail, thus providing insights into their influence on electrochemical and catalytic properties. Moreover, a comparison with conventional synthesis strategies sheds light on the strength and weakness of semisacrificial strategies with respect to scalability, cost and functionalization efficiency. Lastly, the remaining challenges concerning structural homogeneity, unclear reaction mechanisms, and low stability are also summarized, together with future directions for developing advanced materials by applying AI-based design, characterization and sustainable synthetic strategies.