Photovoice (PV) is an innovative learning methodology that is gaining relevance in higher education, but research about it is still scarce. Case-based Learning (CBL), for its part, has proven to generate a higher level of student engagement and significant learning. Therefore, due to the lack of evidence related to PV learning, the main aim of this study is to analyse and compare a CBL activity and a PV activity regarding academic performance and undergraduate students’ satisfaction in relation to self-efficacy perception. A cross-sectional study was developed. A total of 107 students did a CBL and a PV activity. The order of the activities was randomised. The collected variables were activity score, satisfaction with each activity and self-efficacy perception. A descriptive, correlational and comparative analysis using T-Student of related samples was performed. The results showed a significant difference in the activities’ scores, with higher marks in the PV activity. There was a good level of satisfaction with both activities and no significant differences across all items asked, except for ‘It encouraged new knowledge acquisition’. This item was evaluated more favourably in the CBL activity. The relation between the marks of both activities and self-efficacy perception were not significant but in the case of PV, the mark is almost significant. In conclusion, CBL and PV activities are effective in order to achieve a good academic performance and the students ‘satisfaction with the activities assessed is high.

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the medium‐term effectiveness of telerehabilitation in enhancing the quality of life for patients with Long COVID, using a mobile application (APP) called ReCOVery APP. The secondary purpose is to identify significant factors associated with an improvement in the quality of life and other secondary outcomes in this population. Methods: A randomized clinical trial was carried out with two parallel groups involving a total of 100 patients with Long COVID. The first one (control group, n = 48) continued with their usual treatment (TAU), established by their primary care doctor. The second one (intervention group, n = 52), in addition to continuing with their TAU, attended three sessions based on motivational methodology and used the ReCOVery APP for 6 months. The primary outcome was quality of life. Results: After 6 months, ReCOVery APP did not significantly improve the quality of life among Long COVID patients. Poor adherence to the APP was observed among the participants who tried it. Linear regression analyses revealed a significant relationship between the decrease in the number of symptoms and the improvement in mental health–related quality. Conclusions: While this research contributes valuable insights into the potential of telerehabilitation for Long COVID patients, the lack of significant improvement in quality of life underscores the need for future large‐scale studies. Such research should focus on identifying effective strategies to enhance adherence to digital interventions, such as increased professional support and personalized care approaches. Additionally, exploring the long‐term effects of telerehabilitation could provide a more comprehensive understanding of its role in managing Long COVID. Trial Registration: ISRCTN Registry identifier: ISRCTN91104012

Background: Long COVID syndrome can have a major impact on life organization. Its persistent symptoms may cause a potentially disabling condition that affects the quality of life of those suffering from it. The resulting loss of functional independence hinders the ability to return to normal life. Many research studies carried out on this novel syndrome have focused on describing its extensive symptomatology. Studies on later repercussions, however, such as disability or loss of significant roles, remain scarce. This study examines the loss of socioemotional and occupational roles experienced by individuals suffering from Long COVID, as a result of the disease. A secondary objective is to analyze the sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with this loss of roles. Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with the participation of 100 patients diagnosed with Long COVID, over the age of 18, and attended by Primary Health Care in the Autonomous Community of Aragon. The main study variable was the loss of significant socioemotional and occupational roles by the participants. Sociodemographic and clinical data were also collected through a structured interview. Subsequently, a descriptive, correlational, and regression-based statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS Statistics program. Results: Based on the 100 study participants, the median number of roles lost was 3 (IQR 2) and the median number of valuable roles lost was 2 (IQR 2). More cognitive impairment and not having an active work role were predictors of a greater loss of valuables roles. Conclusion: Long COVID symptoms hinder the development of socioemotional and occupational roles. Healthcare professionals should consider this when intervening to ensure that their patients may recover their life as it was before the disease.

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted global healthcare systems, leading to challenges in managing Long COVID. Variations in definitions and diagnostic criteria across Europe hinder recognition and treatment efforts. This study aims to analyse and compare the definitions of Long COVID used in 34 European countries. A retrospective descriptive study was conducted involving key informants from 34 European countries, utilising an online questionnaire to gather data on Long COVID definitions. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were employed to assess the variability of definitions and challenges in managing Long COVID. The study found significant variation in Long COVID definitions among the participating countries; the most frequent definition was the other definition (n: 17, 50.0%), followed by the World Health Organisation's definition (n: 16, 47.0%) and the CDC definition (n: 11, 32.3%). Half of the countries reported using multiple definitions simultaneously, indicating a lack of standardisation. Qualitative analyses highlighted challenges such as difficulties in standardising terminology, variability in clinical criteria, and issues with implementing diagnostic codes. The findings underscore the need for a unified, yet adaptable, definition of Long COVID. Such a definition would support general practitioners (GPs) by simplifying diagnostic processes, improving continuity of care, and facilitating equitable patient access to multidisciplinary resources. The current lack of consensus complicates patient care, data collection, and resource allocation, impacting health policy development. Future efforts should focus on achieving agreement on definitions to ensure equitable treatment and effective healthcare responses to Long COVID.

Background: Although motivational interviewing was originally developed to address abuse disorders, scientific evidence confirms that it is an increasingly used and effective approach in a wide range of therapeutic interventions. To date, however, no studies have analyzed the use of this tool in patients with persistent symptoms following coronavirus disease 2019, a condition known as Long COVID. Purpose: To analyze the effectiveness of motivational interviewing with regard to the adherence to telerehabilitation for Long COVID using a mobile application. As a secondary objective, factors related to greater motivation before and after the motivational interviewing techniques were analyzed. Patients and Methods: This longitudinal design substudy used a sample of 52 adult patients with Long COVID participating in the intervention group of a randomized clinical trial. This trial examined the effectiveness of a telerehabilitation program for this population using a mobile application. This program included three motivational interviews to achieve maximum treatment adherence. In this study, the main variables were motivation and adherence to application use. Sociodemographic and clinical data, personal constructs, and affective state were also collected. Subsequently, a descriptive, correlational, and regression statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS Statistics program. Results: The median motivation prior to the first motivational interview was 8 (IQR 2), the median at the end of the last motivational interview was 8.5 (IQR 2.75), and the change in motivation levels after the three motivational interviews was 0.5 (IQR 1). Affective state and final motivation scores were predictors of greater adherence to telerehabilitation treatment. Conclusion: A high level of motivation after participating in motivational interviewing appears to be related to higher levels of adherence to telerehabilitation in patients with Long COVID. This suggests that motivational interviewing may be an effective tool in the treatment of this disease.

Introducción: La sintomatología característica del síndrome de Long-COVID afecta al funcionamiento físico y cognitivo de las personas que lo padecen, creando desafíos a la hora de regresar a su puesto de trabajo habitual. El objetivo del presente estudio fue profundizar en la comprensión acerca de la situación laboral de las personas que padecen este síndrome y sus factores sociodemográficos y clínicos asociados. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal con la participación de 83 pacientes con diagnóstico de Long-COVID, mayores de 18 años y atendidos desde Atención Primaria de Salud en la Comunidad Autónoma de Aragón. La variable principal de estudio fue la situación laboral de los participantes, además de recogerse datos sociodemográficos y clínicos mediante la realización de una entrevista estructurada. Posteriormente se realizó un análisis estadístico descriptivo, de correlación y de regresión mediante el programa SPSS Statistics. Resultados: De los 83 participantes del estudio, un 55,4% se encontraba en situación laboral activa, y un 44,6% en situación de incapacidad laboral temporal. Un mayor número de síntomas persistentes y pertenecer al género masculino fueron factores predictores de una mayor probabilidad de encontrarse en situación de incapacidad laboral temporal. Discusión: Un gran porcentaje de personas con Long-COVID se encuentran de baja o incapacidad laboral temporal, lo que la necesidad de elaborar programas de prevención y actuación desde equipos de atención sociosanitaria con el objetivo de estas personas no pierdan su empleo de manera temporal o definitiva o, si esto ya ha sucedido, recuperen su situación laboral previa cuanto antes.