Background/Objectives: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that impairs mobility. Treadmill training (TT) is a common rehabilitation strategy for improving gait parameters in individuals with PD. This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of TT in improving motor function, walking ability, and overall functional mobility in PD patients. Methods: We compared TT to other forms of gait and motor rehabilitation, including conventional and robotic gait training. Trials that compared a treadmill training group with a non-intervention group were excluded from this review. We searched multiple databases for RCTs involving Parkinson’s patients until January 2025. The primary outcomes were motor function (UPDRS-III) and walking ability (6 MWT and TUG test). Results: We identified 285 articles; 199 were excluded after screening. We assessed the full text of 86 articles for eligibility, and 13 RCTs met the inclusion criteria. Some of them were included in the meta-analysis. The TT group showed a significant improvement in UPDRS-III scores [mean difference (MD): −1.36 (95% CI: −2.60 to −0.11)] and greater improvement in TUG performance [MD, −1.75 (95% CI: −2.69 to −0.81)]. No significant difference in walking capacity as assessed through the 6 MWT was observed [MD: 26.03 (95% CI: −6.72 to 58.77). Conclusions: The current study suggests that TT is effective in improving the motor symptoms and functional mobility associated with PD. Further studies are needed to develop protocols that consider the patients’ clinical characteristics, disease stage, exercise tolerance, and respiratory function.

Background: Surface electromyography is emerging as a noninvasive tool to examine neurogenic dysphagia in Parkinson’s disease (PD). This pilot study evaluated the feasibility of surface electromyography (sEMG) (acceptability, resource use, and safety), and explored changes in swallowing-related sEMG parameters following rehabilitation. Methods: Ten patients with mild to moderate PD (Hoehn Yahr 1–3) underwent clinical, respiratory, and swallowing assessments, including sEMG recordings of perioral (orbicularis oris), masticatory (masseter) and cervical muscles (submental/mylohyoid and infrahyoid group). Feasibility outcomes included recruitment, protocol completion, and adverse events. Exploratory sEMG measures comprised amplitude indices (root-mean-square, RMS; peak-to-peak, P2P range; area under curve, AUC) and activation time during saliva swallowing and continuous drinking tasks. Results: Nine out of 10 participants completed the protocol, and no adverse events were reported, indicating good acceptability and safety. Exploratory pre–post analyses showed reduced sEMG amplitude during saliva swallowing of orbicularis oris [median ΔP2P Range = −0.273 (p = 0.020), median ΔAUC = −0.145 (p = 0.027); RMS (median Δ = −0.427) (p = 0.074)] and a generalized prolongation of activation time during continuous sipping across recorded muscles. Conclusions: Multichannel sEMG assessment of swallowing muscles during speech therapy is feasible and safe in patients with PD. Exploratory signal changes warrant cautious interpretation and should be validated in larger rehabilitation-oriented studies.