Objective: The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review to summarize and assess the advancements lately made on the enjoyable impacts of game-based physical education interventions on children and adolescents. Additionally, it attempted to identify the effects and variables influencing the enjoyable outcomes of children and adolescents’ engagement in physical education games, through meta-analysis. Methods: This study involves a comprehensive search of different databases like Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, EBSCOhost, Cochrane, and Scopus. Specific criteria are established for the selection process to make sure the relevant literature included. The quality assessment of the included researches is conducted based on the guidelines outlined in the Cochrane 5.1 handbook. Review Manager 5.3 software is employed to synthesis the effect sizes. Additionally, bias is assessed using funnel plots, and to identify potential sources of heterogeneity, subgroup analyses are performed. Results: A total of 1907 academic papers, out of which 2 articles were identified via other data sources. The present study examined the impact of a pedagogical intervention involving physical education games on the enjoyment experienced by children and adolescents. The results indicated a significant positive effect (MD = 0.53, 95%CI:[0.27,0.79], P < 0.05) of this intervention on enjoyment. Subgroup analyses further revealed that both boys (MD = 0.31, 95%CI:[0.13,0.50], P < 0.05) and girls (MD = 0.28, 95%CI:[0.05,0.51], P < 0.05) experienced increased pleasure compared to traditional physical education. Additionally, children under 12 years of age (MD = 0.41, 95%CI:[0.17,0.64], P < 0.05) benefited from sessions lasting at least 30 minutes or more per session (MD = 0.40, 95%CI:[0.19,0.60], P < 0.05), occurring 1 to 3 times per week (MD = 0.28, 95%CI:[0.16,0.40], P < 0.05), and lasting for more than 3 weeks (MD = 0.81, 95%CI:[0.29,1.34], P < 0.05). These findings suggest that the implementation of physical education games can be an effective approach to teaching this subject. Conclusions: 1) Interventions using physical games have been shown to yield beneficial outcomes in terms of enhancing the enjoyment experienced by children and adolescents. 2) The effectiveness of treatments aimed at promoting enjoyment among children and adolescents is influenced by several aspects, including gender, age, duration and frequency of physical activity, as well as the specific cycle of activity used.

Background and Objective: Bullying is notably prevalent among children and adolescents, especially within the context of physical education (PE) environments. Understanding the underlying factors that trigger bullying behavior is essential in designing strategies to prevent bullying and formulating more effective interventions in PE. There is a lack of integrated findings regarding the wide range of correlates of bullying behavior among children and adolescents within the PE context. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to synthesize the correlates of bullying behavior among children and adolescents within the context of PE. Methods: We conducted a systematic search across four databases (EBSCOhost, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science) for relevant studies published before August 2023. Two reviewers independently examined the articles, assessed their methodological quality, and performed data extraction. Results: A total of 23 articles met the inclusion criteria. It is found that demographic, physical movement, physical appearance, psycho-cognitive, teacher-related, and contextual factors emerged as six prominent influential factors affecting adolescent bullying behavior. Specifically, demographic factors mainly encompassed age and gender; physical movement factors primarily include physical activity, sedentary behavior, physical exercise, and sports competence; physical appearance factors primarily include being overweight, too thin, too tall, or too short; psycho-cognitive factors chiefly involved cognitive empathy, motivation, enjoyment of physical activity; teacher-related factors primarily comprised activity choices, teachers competence, controlling style, autonomy support; and contextual factors primarily cover desolate climate, perceived caring climate, strong sense of competition and winning setting. Conclusion: The results indicate that bullying is a complex and multifaced behavior primarily determined by demographic, physical movement, physical appearance, psycho-cognitive, teacher-related, and contextual factors. Future studies need to enhance the diversity of research samples and comparative studies on the factors influencing bullying behavior among children and adolescents in different countries. Additionally, a more extensive range of intervention studies addressing bullying behavior among children and adolescents is warranted.

According to the 2014 National Physical Fitness and Health Monitor, people aged 9 to 22 exhibit limited physical activity, with a large proportion exercising for less than 1 h daily. China has focused on the study of college student sports motivation. This study comprehensively analyzed sports motivation studies and their relevant factors on Chinese college students. The researchers searched CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), WANFANG DATA, Cqvip, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Cochrane Library for sports motivation in Chinese college students. Articles from 2018 to 2023 were searched. The final analysis included 30 pieces of literatures that met the topic criteria. The results show that Chinese college students' sports motivation studies used large sample sizes and covered most of China. The main sports motivations are health, shape, and relaxation. Demography, psychology, social support, physical environment, and policy aspects affect sports motivation. Lack of use of qualitative and longitudinal studies. In the future, scholars who research the sports motivation of Chinese college students need to pay more attention to social support, physical environment, and policy. Furthermore, scholars may try to use qualitative and longitudinal studies.

In order to put students in the spotlight and make it simpler for them to understand and master the teaching topics, public tennis classes in colleges and universities used a combination of targeted teaching techniques and a staged evaluation method. A random sampling was used to select 200 students from public physical education classes at Zhuhai University of Science and Technology as the study population. They were divided into a control group and an experimental group of 100 students each (50 male and 50 female). The study found significant differences between the experimental and control groups in terms of forehand stroke, backhand stroke, technical movements, physical fitness, interest in learning, and motivation to learn. The use of the goal-based teaching technique in combination with the phased evaluation method has been shown to improve students' fundamental tennis skills, as well as their interest and motivation in learning. These results suggest that this teaching method could be effective in the instruction of public sports classes at universities.

Context: Adolescence is a critical period for bone development, and physical exercise has been recognized as a key factor in promoting bone health. Whole-body bone mineral density (BMD) serves as a vital indicator of bone strength and future fracture risk. Objective: To systematically review and perform a meta-analysis of the effects of physical exercise on whole-body BMD in adolescents, identifying types of exercise beneficial for bone health. Data Sources: A comprehensive search was conducted across databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, EBSCOhost, Cochrane, and Scopus to identify relevant studies published between 1991 and 2025. Study Selection: Studies were selected based on predefined inclusion criteria that focused on adolescents, physical exercise, and whole-body BMD outcomes. A total of 12 studies involving 1845 participants met the criteria for inclusion. Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Level of Evidence: Level 1. Data Extraction: Data were extracted using the Cochrane Handbook guidelines, and meta-analysis was conducted using Review Manager software. Publication bias was assessed using a funnel plot. Results: Physical exercise increased whole-body BMD significantly in adolescents (pooled effect size of mean difference, 0.06; 95% CI, 0.04, 0.09; P < 0.001). Physical exercise significantly improved whole-body BMD in both male and female adolescents, but the effect was more pronounced in boys ( P < 0.001) compared with girls ( P = 0.002). High-impact and weightbearing exercises, such as basketball, soccer, ice hockey, and boxing, significantly enhanced whole-body BMD in adolescents, whereas nonweightbearing exercises, such as swimming, had a weaker effect on BMD improvement. Judo showed no significant effect. Conclusion: Physical exercise, particularly high-impact sports, significantly enhances whole-body BMD in adolescents, especially in boys. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating effective physical activities into adolescent physical education to promote optimal bone health.