Background An objective, non-invasive method for redness detection during acute allograft rejection in face transplantation (FT) is lacking. Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed with 688 images of 7 patients with face transplant (range, 1 to 108 months post-transplant). Healthy controls were matched to donor age, sex, and had no prior facial procedures. Rejection state was confirmed via tissue biopsy. An image-analysis software developed alongside VicarVision (Amsterdam, Netherlands) was used to produce R, a measure of differences between detectable color and absolute red. R is inversely proportional to redness, where lower R values correspond to increased redness. Linear mixed models were used to study fixed effect of rejection state on R values. Estimated marginal means of fitted models were calculated for pairwise comparisons. Results Of 688 images, 175, 170, 202, and 141 images were attributable to Banff Grade 0,1,2, and 3, respectively. Estimated change in R value of facial allografts decreased with increasing Banff Grade (p = 0.0001). The mean R value of clinical rejection (Banff Grade ⅔) (16.67, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 14.79–18.58) was lower (p = 0.005) than non-rejection (Banff Grade 0/1) (19.38, 95%CI 17.43–21.33). Both clinical and non-rejection mean R values were lower (p = 0.0001) than healthy controls (24.12, 95%CI 20.96–27.28). Conclusion This proof-of-concept study demonstrates that software-based analysis can detect and monitor acute rejection changes in FT. Future studies should expand on this tool's potential application in telehealth and as a screening tool for allograft rejection. ^* Miguel I. Dorante and Branislav Kollar have contributed equally to this manuscript. Received: 30 April 2021 Accepted: 19 July 2021 Publication Date: 01 September 2021 (online) © 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved. Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USA

Recent decades have seen a rapid advancement in nonsurgical facial rejuvenation techniques due to technological advances and growing patient preference for minimally invasive aesthetic procedures. Laser resurfacing and chemical peels are two popular modalities that address aging skin, improve skin texture, and reduce signs of photodamage. In this work, we examine the historical evolution of these modalities, review current trends, and analyze their comparative efficacy in the context of facial rejuvenation. We discuss each modalities’ mechanisms, clinical indications, efficacy, and safety profiles. We additionally explore the impact of emerging technologies, such as fractional lasers, picosecond lasers, and novel chemical peel formulations, on patient outcomes, recovery times, and novel indications. Furthermore, we consider how recent advances have enabled safer and more effective treatment across diverse skin types, focusing primarily on higher Fitzpatrick skin. Additionally, a scoping review including adjunctive and non-surgical modalities is discussed and synthesized to highlight current evidence, clinical guidelines, and technological advances. This review aims to guide clinicians in optimizing procedure choice and patient outcomes in nonsurgical facial rejuvenation.

Soleal sling syndrome (SSS) is an underdiagnosed cause of tibial nerve (TN) entrapment at the popliteal fossa. It is characterized by TN compression beneath the tendinous arch of the soleus muscle,...

Background and Aim: Hip abductor tendon weakness presents a significant challenge in orthopedic practice, often leading to pain, gait disturbances, and compromised function. In many cases, primary repair of the abductor tendons is not feasible due to tendon retraction, poor tissue quality, or chronic degeneration. As a result, tendon transfer procedures have emerged as viable surgical options to restore hip abduction and improve patient outcomes. While these procedures have gained popularity, their effectiveness and complication profiles remain unclear. Our primary aim was to evaluate postoperative outcomes, including Trendelenburg gait, opioid use, readmission, and revision surgery, in patients with total hip arthroplasty undergoing Gluteus Maximus-Tensor Fascia Lata tendon transfer. The secondary aim was to assess the association between patient characteristics (age, sex, Body Mass Index [BMI], smoking status, diabetes, steroid use) and surgical approach with postoperative outcomes, to potentially identify risk factors for complications or poor functional recovery. Materials and Methods: Demographic data and postoperative pain of 41 total hip arthroplasty patients who underwent Gluteus Maximus-Tensor Fascia Lata tendon transfer at a tertiary medical center between July 2014 and June 2023 were obtained from the Electronic Health Record. Patient factors such as diabetes, steroid use, and smoking status were evaluated for their impact on postoperative recovery. Results: The cohort's mean age was 68.3 years (standard deviation [SD]=10.0), with most patients being female (73.2%) and White (92.7%). Of the cohort, 46.3% had a BMI ≥30, and 41.5% had a BMI between 25-29.9. Diabetes was present in 26.8%, and 36.6% used steroids. Postoperative opioid refills averaged 3 (SD=3.7). Trendelenburg gait persisted in 56.1%. Surgical site infections occurred in 4.9% of patients, 19.5% were readmitted, and 21.9% required revision surgery, with an average revision time of 24 months (SD=18.9). No significant associations were found between BMI, smoking, or diabetes and opioid refills. Diabetes significantly reduced the risk of Trendelenburg gait (odds ratio (OR): 0.19 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.41-0.87]), while surgical technique, sex, and smoking did not significantly affect gait. Current smoking significantly increased the risk of readmission (OR: 16.00 [95% CI: 1.22-210.66]). Conclusion: Gluteus Maximus-Tensor Fascia Lata tendon transfer has emerged as a safe option for irreparable gluteal tendon tears. Further research is needed to refine surgical techniques and better understand the impact of patient characteristics on outcomes. Our findings suggest that patients with certain comorbidities and risk factors can undergo the procedure without significant increases in postoperative complications. Giriş ve Amaç: Kalça abdüktör tendon zayıflığı, ortopedik uygulamalarda önemli bir sorun oluşturarak ağrıya, yürüme bozukluklarına ve fonksiyon kaybına yol açmaktadır. Pek çok durumda, tendonların primer onarımı, tendon retraksiyonu, kötü doku kalitesi ya da kronik dejenerasyon nedeniyle mümkün olmamaktadır. Bu nedenle, tendon transferi işlemleri, kalça abdüksiyonunu yeniden sağlamak ve hasta sonuçlarını iyileştirmek amacıyla uygulanabilir cerrahi seçenekler olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu işlemler giderek yaygınlaşsa da etkinlikleri ve komplikasyon profilleri hâlâ net değildir. Bu çalışmanın birincil amacı, total kalça artroplastisi yapılan ve Gluteus Maximus-Tensor Fascia Lata tendon transferi uygulanan hastalarda Trendelenburg yürüyüşü, opioid kullanımı, yeniden yatış ve revizyon cerrahisi gibi ameliyat sonrası sonuçları değerlendirmektir. İkincil amaç ise, hasta özellikleri (yaş, cinsiyet, Vücut Kitle İndeksi [VKİ], sigara kullanımı, diyabet, steroid kullanımı) ve cerrahi yaklaşım ile ameliyat sonrası sonuçlar arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyerek komplikasyonlar veya yetersiz fonksiyonel iyileşme için risk faktörlerini belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Temmuz 2014 ile Haziran 2023 tarihleri arasında üçüncü basamak bir sağlık merkezinde Gluteus Maximus-Tensor Fascia Lata tendon transferi yapılan 41 total kalça artroplastisi hastasının demografik verileri ve ameliyat sonrası ağrı durumları Elektronik Sağlık Kayıtlarından elde edilmiştir. Diyabet, steroid kullanımı ve sigara içme durumu gibi hasta faktörlerinin ameliyat sonrası iyileşme üzerindeki etkisi değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Hasta grubunun ortalama yaşı 68,3 (standart sapma [SS]=10,0) olup, hastaların çoğunluğu kadın (%73,2) ve Beyaz ırktandı (%92,7). Hastaların %46,3’ünün VKİ’si ≥30, %41,5’inin ise VKİ’si 25–29,9 arasındaydı. Diyabet oranı %26,8, steroid kullanımı oranı ise %36,6 idi. Ameliyat sonrası ortalama opioid tekrar reçete sayısı 3’tü (SS=3,7). Trendelenburg yürüyüşü %56,1 hastada devam etti. Hastaların %4,9’unda cerrahi alan enfeksiyonu, %19,5’inde yeniden yatış, %21,9’unda ise revizyon cerrahisi gerekli oldu; revizyon ortalama 24 ay sonra (SS=18,9) yapıldı. VKİ, sigara ya da diyabet ile opioid tekrar reçetesi arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamadı. Diyabet, Trendelenburg...