This study investigates the relationship between disclosures related to Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG 7) and the financial profitability of Romanian commercial banks during the 2017–2023 period. Using an unbalanced panel dataset of 17 banks and applying fixed-effects regression models, the paper examines how transparency around energy-related sustainability practices influences various dimensions of bank profitability: recurring earning power (REP), loan yield (LY), return on assets (ROA), and return on equity (ROE). Macroeconomic energy indicators, such as the energy intensity level of primary energy (EnInt) and renewable energy consumption (REnC), are also controlled for. The findings indicate that SDG 7.1 disclosures are negatively associated with all profitability measures, except for LY, suggesting potential short-term trade-offs between sustainability transparency and financial outcomes. In contrast, SDG 7.2 disclosures positively impact REP, ROA, and ROE, underscoring the financial relevance of renewable energy financing. SDG 7.a disclosures show no significant relationship with profitability, indicating limited operational involvement in global energy cooperation. Additionally, higher energy intensity negatively affects REP and LY, supporting existing evidence that energy efficiency improves banking performance. These findings have implications for banking strategy, emphasizing the need to align sustainability disclosures with business priorities while recognizing the long-term benefits of green finance and energy efficiency.

The integration of AI tools into academic settings has revolutionized education and research. This paper explores the transformative impact of AI technologies on traditional academic approaches, highlighting their multifaceted role in enhancing efficiency in both teaching and research. We examine how AI tools, powered by advanced architectures, have redefined knowledge dissemination, improved student engagement, and fostered dynamic learning environments. The article also discusses the influence of AI on research methodologies, showcasing how researchers leverage these tools for data analysis, hypothesis generation, and scientific communication. Additionally, we address the ethical considerations and challenges associated with the widespread adoption of AI in academia, emphasizing the need for responsible use and vigilance in addressing biases. Ultimately, this research offers a comprehensive analysis of AI’s unprecedented role in reshaping the future of education and research.

The European Union (EU) faces multiple economic challenges in the context of a globalized and interconnected world. These challenges include managing economic growth, addressing sustainability issues, reducing economic disparities and integrating new digital economies. The article aims to analyze these challenges and explore the possibilities of achieving sustainable economic growth at the level of the European Union, through a mixed methodological approach. The research combines documentary analysis of the specialized literature and reports of European institutions with empirical analysis based on economic data provided by official sources, such as the European Commission and Eurostat. Within the framework of this analysis, the impact of the main European economic policies is assessed and the strategic directions necessary for strengthening a sustainable economic model are identified. The results of the study underline the importance of an integrated economic policy that favors balanced regional development, the integration of digitalization and the adoption of innovative solutions to reduce economic inequalities. The article thus provides a detailed understanding of the current economic challenges and the measures necessary to ensure a sustainable economy within the EU.

Employee motivation represents a critical factor in ensuring organizational performance, innovation, and long-term competitiveness. This study explores the current practices and challenges related to motivating employees at Michelin Romania SA, one of the leading companies in the tire manufacturing sector. The research investigates both intrinsic and extrinsic motivational factors, with an emphasis on working conditions, career development opportunities, leadership styles, and reward systems. Through a combination of literature review, internal data analysis, and employee surveys, the paper identifies key drivers of motivation within the company and highlights areas requiring improvement. Findings suggest that while financial incentives remain important, non-financial elements such as recognition, professional training, and participatory management have a significant impact on employee engagement. Based on these insights, a set of recommendations is proposed to strengthen motivational strategies at Michelin Romania SA, aiming to foster higher job satisfaction, reduce turnover, and enhance overall organizational performance.