The aim is to investigate the association of the delivery mode and vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 through the samples of vaginal secretions, placenta, cord blood or amniotic fluid as well as the neonatal outcomes. This cross-sectional study presents an analysis of prospectively gathered data collected at a single tertiary hospital. 63 pregnant women with confirmed COVID-19 participated in the study. Vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 was analyzed with RT-PCR tests and blood tests for IgG-M antibodies. All patients were in mild or moderate category for COVID-19. Only one placental sample and two of the vaginal secretion samples were positive for SARS-CoV-2. Except one, all positive samples were obtained from patients who gave birth by cesarean. All cord blood and amniotic fluid samples were negative for SARS-CoV-2. Two newborns were screened positive for COVID-19 IgG-M within 24 hours after delivery, but the RT-PCR tests were negative. A positive RT-PCR result was detected in a newborn of a mother whose placenta, cord blood, amniotic fluid and vaginal secretions samples were negative. He died due to pulmonary hemorrhage on the 11^th day of life. In conclusion, we demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 can be detectable in the placenta or vaginal secretions of pregnant women. Detection of the virus in the placenta or vaginal secretions may not be associated with neonatal infection. Vaginal delivery may not increase the incidence of neonatal infection, and cesarean may not prevent vertical transmission. The decision regarding the mode of delivery should be based on obstetric indications and COVID-19 severity.

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a prevalent maternal mental health condition with significant consequences for mothers, infants, and families. The determina

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between the simultaneous 75 g Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and fetal pancreatic circumference at 24–28 weeks of gestation. Methods: This prospective case–control study was conducted between September 2024 and February 2025 at our perinatology clinic, which provides tertiary health care services. The correlation between the 75 g OGTT, GDM, and pancreatic circumference was assessed by comparing fetal pancreatic circumference between the groups with and without GDM at the time of diagnosis. Results: A total of 130 pregnant patients were recruited for this` study, with 64 patients forming the GDM group and 66 patients forming the control group. Fetal pancreas circumference (7.0 cm vs. 6.4 cm, p < 0.001), fetal pancreas circumference percentile (88.5 vs. 52, p < 0.001), and the rate of fetal pancreas size >90th percentile (15.6% vs. 3%, p < 0.001) were significantly higher in the GDM group compared to the control group. Conclusions: Although our findings demonstrate a statistically significant correlation between fetal pancreatic circumference and GDM, diagnostic performance remains modest. Therefore, fetal pancreatic circumference should be interpreted as a supportive marker, such as family history, rather than a definitive marker for identifying individuals at risk for GDM.

The aim of our study was to evaluate fetal pancreas size in cases of isolated late-onset fetal growth restriction (FGR) and to assess its relationship with clinical and laboratory findings in the early neonatal period. Pregnant individuals diagnosed with late-onset FGR according to Delphi consensus criteria formed the study group, while healthy pregnant women matched for gestational age formed the control group. Fetal pancreatic circumference and corresponding percentile value and fetal abdominal circumference to pancreas circumference (FACPC) ratio measurements were obtained. Neonatal blood sugar levels, admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and other metabolic parameters were recorded. A total of 154 pregnant individuals, including 67 FGR and 87 healthy control groups, were included in our study. The pancreatic circumference and pancreatic circumference percentile were significantly lower in the FGR group (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of FACPC ratio (p = 0.74). A statistically significant positive correlation was observed between the FACPC ratio and neonatal blood glucose levels (r = 0.298, p = 0.01). However, no significant correlation was observed between fetal pancreas size and short-term clinical and laboratory neonatal outcomes such as hypoglycemia or admission to the neonatal intensive care unit. In our ultrasound-based imaging study, we quantitatively assessed fetal pancreas size in cases of late-onset FGR. Pancreatic size was significantly lower in the FGR group. There was a significant positive correlation between FACPC ratio and neonatal blood glucose levels. The results of this study provide preliminary evidence of the possible effects of fetal pancreatic development on fetal growth and perinatal metabolic regulation. In clinical practice, fetal pancreatic biometry could be considered as an adjunct parameter during ultrasound evaluations of FGR cases.

Özet Amaç: Son trimester gebe kadınlarda rekto-vajinal Grup B Streptokok kolonizasyon sıklığını, kolonizasyon sıklığına etkili olduğu düşünülen risk faktörlerinin kolonizasyon sıklığına etkisini ve antibiyotik duyarlılığını araştırmak . Gereç ve Yöntemler: TC Sağlık Bakanlığı Bakırköy Doğumevi Kadın ve Çocuk Hastalıkları Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi doğumhanesine kabul edilen 500 anne adayından başvuru anında rektal ve vajinal kültür örnekleri alındı. Alınan kültür örnekleri Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi Çocuk Hastalıkları Hastanesi Mikrobiyoloji Laboratuarında değerlendirildi. Bulgular : Çalışmaya alınan anne adaylarından toplam 41 (%8.2) kadında Grup B Streptokok kolonizasyonu saptandı. Anne yaşı, gebelik sayısı, doğum sayısı, evlilik süresi, sigara kullanımı, eğitim durumu, erken doğum eylemi, gebelikte penisilin grubu antibiyotik kullanımı gibi faktörlerle rekto­ vajinal Grup B Streptokok kolonizasyon sıklığı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki izlenmedi. Grup B Streptokok taşıyıcısı olduğu saptanan gebelerin bebekleri doğum sonrası birinci hafta ve üçüncü ayda menenjit , sepsis ve pnömoni gelişimi yönünden sorgulandı ve hiçbir bebekte bu komplikasyonların olmadığı izlendi. Üretilen Grup B Streptokok suşlarının antibiyotik direnç paternleri incelendiğinde penisilin, vankomisin, kloramfenikol, siprofloksasin ve seftriaksona % 100 duyarlılık, eritromisine %95, klindamisine %87, tetrasikline %15 duyarlılık saptandı. Sonuç: Toplumumuzda anne adaylarında rekto-vajinal Grup B Streptokok kolonizasyon sıklığını araştırmaya yönelik stratejilerin rutin uygulamaya geçilmesi anne ve bebekte mevcut potansiyel risklerin kontrol altına alınmasını sağlayabilir.