Table grapes (fresh Vitis vinifera L. fruit) rank among the top five fruit crops worldwide, yet their high perishability poses significant challenges for postharvest handling and storage. This review offers a comprehensive analysis of current and emerging preservation strategies—including chemical fumigation, irradiation, packaging technologies, controlled-atmosphere (CA) storage, biodegradable coatings, and synergistic preservation systems. Distinct from prior studies that typically emphasize specific techniques or treatment categories, this work integrates mechanistic insights with technological advancements and industrial practices across multiple preservation modalities. It further evaluates the comparative effectiveness, limitations, and practical relevance of these strategies along the supply chain. Importantly, it identifies critical research gaps—such as the lack of cultivar-specific preservation protocols, the need for low-residue and environmentally sustainable treatments, and the absence of real-time quality monitoring systems. Addressing these gaps is essential for developing next-generation solutions. Finally, this review highlights practical implications by offering a forward-looking framework to guide innovation, providing grape producers and supply chain stakeholders with strategies to minimize losses, preserve quality, and enhance market competitiveness.

Stout beer was selected as the research object to screen angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides. The peptide sequences of stout beer were identified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometry with de novo, and 41 peptides were identified with high confidence. Peptide Ranker was used to score the biological activity and six peptides with a score ≥ 0.5 were screened to predict their potential ACE inhibitory (ACEI) activity. The toxicity, hydrophilicity, absorption, and excretion of these peptides were predicted. In addition, molecular docking between the peptides and ACE revealed a significant property of the peptide DLGGFFGFQR. Furthermore, molecular docking conformation and molecular dynamics simulation revealed that DLGGFFGFQR could be tightly bound to ACE through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction. Lastly, the ACEI activity of DLGGFFGFQR was confirmed using in vitro evaluation and the IC₅₀ value was determined to be 24.45 μM.

Although early-maturing table grapes possess significant commercial value, the metabolic impact of shortened ripening cycles on aroma-quality interactions remains underexplored. This study comprehensively characterized seven cultivars via integrated physicochemical phenotyping (firmness, total soluble solids, and phenolic content) coupled with a multi-platform volatile analysis using E-nose, GC–MS, and GC–IMS. Based on instrumental volatile profiling, the cultivars were classified into three aroma-related groups: a Muscat-type (HY, HMG, JM), enriched in floral monoterpenes; a Strawberry-type (XL, ZML), dominated by fruity, honey-like esters and aldehydes; and a Neutral-type (CG, SB), defined by herbaceous C₆ compounds. Notably, the combined use of E-nose, GC–MS, and GC–IMS provided complementary information for differentiating cultivar-specific volatile profiles. In particular, GC–IMS improved the detection of trace low-molecular-weight volatiles, thereby refining the characterization of cultivar-dependent aroma-related compounds. These findings provide an instrumental basis for understanding volatile differences among early-maturing table grapes and offer useful information for cultivar evaluation, flavor-oriented breeding, and postharvest quality management.