Background Urinary incontinence is a condition that causes social, medical, or hygienic problems. The increase in the incidence of stress incontinence, particularly with increasing parity, emphasizes the role of pregnancy on the etiology of incontinence and other urinary symptoms. This study aimed to estimate the effect of pregnancy on urinary incontinence and other urinary symptoms with history and urodynamic data. Methodology This study was conducted at Mustafa Kemal University, Medical Faculty, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department. A total of 72 pregnant primigravid women without any urinary problems were included in the study. Patients with severe chronic disease, neurological disorders, antepartum hemorrhage, multiple pregnancies, younger than 18, and those with physical and mental disabilities were excluded. All patients were initially evaluated in the first trimester and finally in the sixth week of the postpartum period. Demographic and obstetric data, including urological complaints and urodynamic findings, were recorded. Results There were significant increases in nocturia, frequency, dysuria, urgency, and stress urinary incontinence complaints in pregnant women. Urge incontinence was not significantly different after pregnancy. In the postpartum urodynamic studies, nine (12.5%) patients with stress urinary incontinence and six (8.3%) patients with detrusor instability were detected. There was no significant difference between cesarean section and vaginal delivery regarding incontinence. Conclusions According to the study findings, pregnant women who were continent before pregnancy could become incontinent after birth according to urodynamic data. However, long-term studies are needed to determine whether this incontinence is temporary. Additionally, according to our results, cesarean section should not be recommended over vaginal delivery only to prevent incontinence.

Preeclampsia and associated hypertensive disorders during pregnancy represent significant contributors to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality on a global scale [1]. Preeclampsia is chara...

Objectives: Vaginal agenesis is one of the most common causes of primary amenorrhea. Creating a vagina that allows coitus is a necessary procedure for the psychological and social well-being of these patients. For this purpose, McIndoe method is the most frequently used method. Various materials are used as grafts in this surgery. In this study, the aim was to compare the amnion and skin grafts that are used in the McIndoe method. Material and methods: Between 2011 and 2021, 12 patients were operated on using the McIndoe method. Chromosomal analysis, operation times, preoperative and postoperative vaginal lengths and complications were evaluated. Sexual function of the patients was evaluated with the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire. Results: Skin was used in seven patients and amnion was used in five patients. Chromosomal anomaly was detected in two patients. Operation times were significantly shorter in the group with amnion grafts. Postoperative tissue infection developed in one patient. In the evaluation at the end of the first year, it was observed that vaginal stenosis developed in two patients in whom amnion was used. Vaginal lengths were longer in skin group (8.7 ± 1.1 cm vs 5.4 ± 2.5 cm). Nine patients had active sex life. Female Sexual Function Index score was 30.3 ± 5.8 in skin group n = 6 and 27.9 ± 5.5 in amnion group n = 3 which was evaluated as normal. Conclusions: The most used method for vaginoplasty is McIndoe. There is no consensus on the ideal material for grafting. Regardless of which graft is used, regular usage of the dilator is the cornerstone of this procedure. Keywords: amnion graft vaginal stenosis postoperative vaginal length

Background/Objectives: Gynecological and obstetric surgeries carry a risk of iatrogenic urinary tract injuries; however, comparative data on injury patterns, diagnostic timing, and management across different surgical indications remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence, characteristics, diagnostic timing, and outcomes of urological injuries following gynecologic and obstetric surgeries in a high-volume tertiary referral center over a 10-year period. Methods: This retrospective single-center cohort study included adult female patients who sustained intraoperative or postoperative urological injuries during gynecologic or obstetric procedures between January 2014 and December 2024. Urological injury was defined as bladder, ureteral, or genitourinary fistula injury requiring urological intervention. Patients with prophylactic or temporary ureteral stenting were excluded. Cases were classified into malignant gynecologic, obstetric, and benign gynecologic surgery groups. Injury type, timing of diagnosis, management strategies, and clinical outcomes were analyzed. Results: Among 16,100 procedures, 223 urological injuries were identified (incidence: 1.3%). Bladder injuries were the most common (62.3%) and were predominantly associated with obstetric procedures, whereas ureteral injuries (28.7%) occurred more frequently during malignant gynecologic surgeries (p < 0.05). Intraoperative recognition rates varied significantly by injury type, being highest for bladder injuries (98.6%) and lowest for fistulas (5.0%) (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Surgical indication significantly influences the pattern and timing of urological injuries. Bladder injuries are usually detected intraoperatively, whereas ureteral and fistulous injuries are more often diagnosed postoperatively, particularly in malignant and complex procedures, highlighting the need for targeted intraoperative vigilance and multidisciplinary management in high-risk cases.

Objectives: Despite advancements in medical science, existing methodologies for predicting placental invasion in patients with previa remain insufficient. Systemic inflammatory markers have emerged as potential prognostic indicators in oncology. This study aims to explore whether systemic inflammatory parameters can predict placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) in patients with previa, given the analogous mechanisms between PAS and cancer cell invasion. Methods: This retrospective case-control study encompassed patients diagnosed with placenta previa who underwent cesarean section procedures between 2010 and 2024. The case group (PAS+) comprised patients who underwent hysterectomy, segmental resection (with histopathologically confirmed PAS), or had in situ placenta. Conversely, the control group (PAS-) included other patients. The systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were calculated from the most recent preoperative complete blood count. A comparative analysis of demographic data, clinical findings, and systemic inflammatory markers was conducted between the groups. Results: A total of 487 patients were analyzed, with 146 (30%) classified as PAS (+) and 341 (70%) as PAS (-). The PAS (+) group exhibited significantly higher values in terms of age, gravidity, parity, and the number of prior cesarean sections (P=0.004, P<0.001, P=0.018, and P<0.001; respectively). However, no significant correlation was identified between the two groups concerning systemic inflammatory markers. Conclusions: Systemic inflammatory markers do not appear to be reliable for predicting placental invasion in previa patients.