Hip fracture is commonly associated with an overwhelming inflammatory response, which may lead to high rates of morbidity and mortality in the elderly. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in the functions of immune system. However, the association between miRNA dysregulation and immune disturbance (IMD) related to elderly hip fracture is largely unknown. In this study, microarray profiling was carried out to evaluate the differential expression patterns of miRNAs in plasma of the aged hip fracture rats with IMD, those without IMD, and normal aged rats, followed by validation using quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Genes and signaling pathways of the dysregulated miRNAs related to elderly hip fracture-induced IMD were investigated in silico using Gene Ontology and analysis of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes or Genomes. Dead or moribund rats with hip fracture exhibited significantly reduced TNF-α/IL-10 ratio compared with healthy controls and other hip fracture rats, which were therefore named as hip fracture rats with IMD. Seven serum miRNAs in hip fracture rats with IMD were significantly downregulated. qRT-PCR and in silico analysis revealed that miR-130a-3p likely participated in regulating the hip fracture-induced IMD. Furthermore, Western blot experiment demonstrated that in lung tissue, the reduction of miR-130a-3p was accompanied with the increase of the protein expression of interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF1) and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (SIPR1). miR-130a-3p desregulation may be associated with elderly hip fracture-induced IMD, which might act as a new potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of elderly hip fracture-induced IMD and a potential therapeutic target as well.

Background: Investigating basal blood perfusion in the major arteries of the limbs to guide flow rate selection during ex vivo perfusion preservation for limb replantation (transplantation).Methods: Volunteers undergoing physical examinations at PLAGH Fourth Medical Center (February–December 2024) were recruited. Three hundred and four eligible participants (146 males, 158 females; aged 18–65, mean 41.68 ± 11.28) were enrolled after screening. A portable Doppler ultrasound system was utilized to assess the brachial, ulnar, radial, popliteal, dorsalis pedis, and posterior tibial arteries in the limbs. Vascular diameter, blood flow velocity, and blood perfusion volume were measured for each artery. Mean hemodynamic parameters were calculated. Analyze the linear relationship between BMI, body surface area, and arterial blood perfusion volume using a multiple linear regression model. Conduct interaction tests to investigate whether there are sex-specific or “three-high” status-specific effects in the linear prediction model of blood perfusion volume by BMI and body surface area.Results: Ultrasound findings revealed the following mean blood perfusion volumes in the upper limb arteries: brachial artery, 74.9 ± 22.5 mL/min; ulnar artery, 35.7 ± 12.6 mL/min; radial artery, 36.8 ± 13.5 mL/min. In the lower limb arteries, the mean blood perfusion volume was: popliteal artery, 114.1 ± 34.2 mL/min; dorsalis pedis artery, 53.3 ± 18.1 mL/min; posterior tibial artery, 59.2 ± 21.0 mL/min. No significant difference was observed in mean blood perfusion volume between the ulnar and radial arteries (p > 0.05), whereas the posterior tibial artery exhibited significantly higher blood perfusion volume compared to the dorsalis pedis artery (p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that BMI was negatively associated with arterial blood perfusion volume in the extremities, while body surface area showed a positive association. Furthermore, BMI and body surface area jointly formed a linear predictive relationship with limb blood flow. Based on significant effects within the linear model and pathophysiological mechanisms, interaction terms for body surface area (BSA) × BMI and age × diabetes status were included. The results demonstrated a statistically significant interaction effect (p < 0.05) between BMI and body surface area on limb blood flow. However, the interaction effect of diabetes status on limb blood flow was not significant (p > 0.05).Conclusion: Quantitative ultrasound-derived limb perfusion parameters and their BMI/BSA correlations enable hemodynamic customization for machine perfusion systems in limb replantation. This standard approach balances metabolic support and ischemia-reperfusion risk mitigation during extracorporeal preservation, advancing personalized transplant protocols.