There is a history of overwork in China, and regulations to protect workers are insufficient. This study explores the relationship between working long hours and self-rated health among rural-urban migrant workers in China. Survey data from the 2018 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) is used to construct a simultaneous equation model, and the 3SLS method is applied. The results showed that: (1) Migrant workers had good health. However, overtime work is very common among migrant workers in China, and male migrants work more overtime. (2) Migrant laborers’ health and income are causally related, with better health leading to higher income. In contrast, the compensatory effect of income by extending working hours on health is smaller than the damage caused by overtime work for the male migrants who have more severe overtime work, resulting in a negative income effect on health. (3) The incentive effect of income on labor supply and the positive interaction effect of increasing labor hours to increase income are only reflected in the standard labor time sample. Therefore, for the heavy overwork group whose working hours have already reached the limit, income increases can no longer motivate them to extend their labor hours. Therefore, provincial and national policy transformations are needed to regularize working hours and remuneration while maintaining individual health.

The Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission’s Dual-Frequency Precipitation Radar (DPR) serves as a critical benchmark for calibrating satellite-based precipitation products, with its retrieval quality directly governing the accuracy of global precipitation estimates. While the updated version 07 (DPR-V07) algorithm introduces substantial refinements over its predecessor (DPR-V06), systematic evaluations of its operational advancements in precipitation monitoring remain limited. This study utilizes ground-based rain gauge data from Mainland China (2015–2018) to assess improvements of DPR-V07 over its predecessor’s (DPR-V06) effects. The results indicate that DPR-V07 reduces the high-altitude precipitation underestimation by 5% (vs. V06) in the west (W) and corrects the elevation-linked overestimation via an improved terrain sensitivity. The seasonal analysis demonstrates winter-specific advancements of DPR-V07, with a 3–8% reduction in the miss bias contributing to a lower total bias. However, the algorithm updates yield unintended trade-offs: the High-Sensitivity Scan (HS) mode exhibits significant detection performance degradation, particularly in east (E) and midwest (M) regions, with Critical Success Index (CSI) values decreasing by approximately 0.12 compared to DPR-V06. Furthermore, summer error components show a minimal improvement, suggesting unresolved challenges in warm-season retrieval physics. This study establishes a systematic framework for evaluating precipitation retrieval advancements, providing critical insights for future satellite algorithm development and operational applications in hydrometeorological monitoring.