In locations with a high rate of tuberculosis (TB) and HIV infection, there are a number of strategies to prevent negative outcomes such as opportunistic infections, hospitalizations and death, and this article investigates risk factors for the occurrence of hospitalization and death in cases of TB/HIV co-infection in the south of Brazil. The data are taken from a population-based retrospective cohort study on cases of TB/HIV co-infection from 2009 to 2013 in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Sociodemographic, epidemiological and clinical variables were analyzed. Relative risk (RR) estimates for hospitalization and death were determined by regression models. There were 2,419 co-infection cases, of which 1,527 (63.1%) corresponded to hospitalizations, and 662 (27.4%) to death. The occurrence of hospitalization was associated with ≤ 7 years of schooling (RR = 3.47, 95%CI: 1.97–6.29), 8–11 years of schooling (RR = 2.56, 95%CI: 1.44–4.69), place of origin—district health authorities Northwest/Humaitá/Navegantes/Ilhas (RR = 2.01, 95%CI: 1.44–2.82), type of entry into the surveillance system as in cases of reentry after withdrawal (RR = 1,35, 95%CI: 1.07–1.70), closure in surveillance as in withdrawal of treatment (RR = 1.47, 95%CI: 1.18–1.83) and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (RR = 3.94, 95%CI: 1.97–8.81). The occurrence of death was associated with age (RR = 1.07, 95%CI: 1,01–1,14), ≤ 7 years of schooling (RR = 3.94, 95%CI: 2.26–7.09), 8–11 years of schooling (RR = 2.84, 95%CI: 1.61–5.16), place of origin—district health authorities Baltazar (RR = 2.05, 95%CI: 1.48–2.86), type of entry in the surveillance system as cases of re-entry after withdrawal (RR = 1.53, 95%CI: 1.22–1.91), relapse (RR = 1.33, 95%CI: 1.03–1.73). The occurrence of hospitalizations and deaths is high among co-infected patients. Our estimation approach is important in order to identify, from the surveillance data, the risk factors for hospitalization and death in co-infected patients, so that they may receive more attention from the Brazilian national healthcare system.

Resumo OBJETIVO Analisar como o pertencimento a certos grupos sociais contribui para a constituição das vulnerabilidades associadas ao adoecimento pela coinfecção tuberculose/HIV/aids. METODOLOGIA Pesquisa qualitativa realizada em Porto Alegre-RS, em regiões de alta vulnerabilidade social. Foram entrevistadas 20 pessoas coinfectadas em serviços especializados de saúde, entre agosto e dezembro de 2016. A análise teve como aporte os referenciais The Sound of Silence e Vulnerabilidade e Direitos Humanos. RESULTADOS Condições socioeconômicas foram decisivas para constituição das condições de vulnerabilidade. Processos de invisibilização das pessoas e silenciamento de suas vozes, em um cenário marcado por desigualdades econômicas, raciais e de gênero contribuíam para que suas necessidades de saúde não fossem compreendidas e efetivamente levadas em consideração nas ações dos serviços. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS Quanto mais efetivas forem as estratégias para legitimar as vozes e compreender as necessidades das pessoas afetadas pela coinfecção, maiores serão as chances de que as respostas programáticas para o problema sejam exitosas.

Objective: To understand the repercussions of COVID-19 on the path of pregnancy. Method: Qualitative, participatory action research (PAR) study, based on Paulo Freire's Research Itinerary. A virtual culture circle was held in October 2020, with the participation of 12 pregnant women, living in the South and Southeast regions of Brazil. Results: In the virtual culture circle, pregnant women talked and critically reflected on two generating themes: flowers and thorns in the course of pregnancy. They meant living in the virtual culture circle as spaces for sharing experiences, welcoming and learning, among others. Conclusions: For the participants, pregnancy during the pandemic brought difficulties such as social isolation, absence from work and the university, fears, anxieties, loneliness and insecurities. However, it also improved health care, intensifying self-care and investment in family relationships.

Objective: To describe and compare the epidemiological profile of cases of tuberculosis and HIV coinfection of the District Administration Health Units of Porto Alegre, Brazil, from 2009 to 2013. Method: Retrospective cohort with data from national health information systems. Sociodemographic, clinical and follow-up variables were investigated through association tests. Results: 2,419 cases of tuberculosis and HIV coinfection were reported, with a mean age of 38 ± 9.91 years, predominantly white and with up to 7 years of study. The comparison between the District Administration Health Units was significant in terms of race/color (p<0.001), gender (p<0.001), schooling (p<0.004), age (p<0.003), place of origin (p<0.001), (p<0.001), alcoholism (p<0.001), indication and performance of Directly Observed Therapy (p<0.001), closure (p<0.001). Conclusion: Socioeconomic and treatment variables influence the occurrence of coinfection in different areas of Porto Alegre, reinforcing that the sum of different factors explains the indicators of the disease.

Nursing work is in increasing demand, becoming strenuous especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, the objective of the study was to assess the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health of nursing professionals through a systematic review of the literature with meta-analysis, including studies published in 2020 in Web of Science, PubMed and SciELO. Regarding the systematic review, we included 25 studies with a cross-sectional design, from 12 countries. The participants were mostly nurses or nursing teams. Mental impacts such as anxiety, depression, discouragement and a feeling of obligation to work were frequently reported by study participants. The meta-analyses included psychological distress variables, and no association was found between psychological distress and being a frontline healthcare professional (OR 0.94; 95% CI 0.33-2.67). The mental health of nursing professionals has been negatively impacted by the Covid-19 pandemic. The main symptoms presented were anxiety, depression and discouragement, and many nurses felt obliged to work on the front lines of the fight against the pandemic; although they suffer emotional impacts and work overload in health services.

Objetivo: analisar a abordagem de profissionais de saúde na identificação da violência doméstica às mulheres e a sua percepção sobre os casos durante a pandemia da Covid-19 em Centros de Saúde da Família. Método: pesquisa qualitativa realizada em duas unidades de saúde, mediante entrevistas semiestruturadas, com 23 profissionais de saúde. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre novembro de 2019 e fevereiro de 2021, e os dados foram organizados por meio da análise de conteúdo. Resultados: as categorias mostraram que os profissionais sabem identificar os tipos de violência doméstica, mas que necessitam de maior sensibilização para acolher, identificar e notificar casos. Na percepção dos profissionais durante a pandemia, ocorreu um aumento da violência atribuído ao isolamento social. Conclusão: necessita-se melhorar o trabalho em rede, aumentar as qualificações dos profissionais, oferecendo técnicas de acolhimento e escuta qualificada às mulheres que passam por situações de violência doméstica.