The instability of the energy supply, growing demand and the need to reduce carbon emissions are priority challenges in developing countries such as Ecuador, where power outages affect productivity and generate economic losses. Therefore, solar energy is positioned as a sustainable alternative. The objective of this study is to evaluate a pilot photovoltaic (PV) system for residential housing in coastal areas in the Santa Elena province, Ecuador. The methodology included the following: (i) criteria for the selection of three representative residential housings; (ii) design of a distributed generation system using PVsyst software; and (iii) proposal of strategic guidelines for the design of PV systems. This proposed system proved to be environmentally friendly, achieving reductions of between 16.4 and 32 tonnes of CO₂ in the first 10 years. A return on investment (ROI) of 16 years was achieved for the low-demand (L) scenario, with 4 years for the medium-demand (M) scenario and 2 years for the high-demand (H) scenario. The sensitivity analysis showed that the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) is more variable in the L scenario, requiring more efficient designs. It is proposed to diversify the Ecuadorian energy matrix through self-supply PV systems, which would reduce electricity costs by 6% of consumption (L scenario), 30% (M scenario), and 100% (H scenario). Although generation is concentrated during the day, the net metering scheme enables compensation for nighttime consumption without the need for batteries, thereby improving the system’s profitability. The high solar potential and high tariffs make the adoption of sustainable energy solutions a justifiable choice.

The VLE-196 area, located north of Block V Lamar in Maracaibo, Venezuela, encompasses Eocene reservoirs, especially the C-SUPERIOR and C-INFERIOR sands of the MISOA formation, with a particular focus on the C-4/C-5 sands of C-INFERIOR. In recent years, water production in the 32 active wells has experienced a gradual increase, generating technical-economic problems that threaten oil recovery. The study was divided into four phases. The first consisted of the static and dynamic characterization of the reservoir. Subsequently, a well review was performed for a comprehensive analysis, which provided a diagnosis based on well characteristics and similarities/differences with neighboring wells. The final proposal included actions aimed at minimizing water production, improving sweep efficiency, extending well life, and reducing water treatment and disposal costs. Two pressure zones were identified, one to the north as a low-pressure zone and one to the south as a highpressure zone. Wells in the high-pressure zone exhibited coning primarily in C-5, while those in the lowpressure zone exhibited adedimentation in C-4 flow units. Differences in fluid behavior between C-4 and C-5 sands suggest considering these reservoirs as separate entities in future studies. The research seeks to address the current challenges through a comprehensive approach, offering solutions tailored to individual well characteristics to optimize production and mitigate water-related problems.

En la industria petrolera se cumplen varios parámetros en diversas etapas para realizar exploraciones y explotaciones de un yacimiento petrolero. Esas etapas comprenden la ejecución de gran variedad de estudios técnicos, geológicos, petrofísicos además de realizar un estudio en la caracterización de yacimientos el mismo que se enfoca a obtener la información necesaria que conduzca a una explotación adecuada del mismo. El propósito es determinar las unidades de flujo a partir del Indicador de la Zona de Flujo (FZI) considerando el modelo petrofísico de un yacimiento sub-saturado de la cuenca del lago de Maracaibo-Venezuela con la técnica basada en una modificación de la ecuación de Kozeny- Carmen, dándole la importancia que merece a la petrofísica ya que esta define los parámetros necesarios para tener resultados favorables, de igual manera se hace la lectura de registros que juegan un papel fundamental para la investigación. Se seleccionaron propiedades del yacimiento sub-saturado para la elaboración del mismo, luego se estableció los parámetros del modelo petrofísico para conocer el tipo, calidad de roca, densidad de matriz de formación, parámetros de corte, la arena neta petrolífera, arena neta total, conocer el Petróleo Original En Sitio (POES) a través del método volumétrico y de balance de materia. Una vez obtenidos todos los puntos necesarios se puso en marcha un modelo matemático que establece las unidades de flujo a partir del indicador de zona, este se realiza en 2 pozos seleccionados los mismos que son: LL-0773, LL-0848 cada uno con sus profundidades estableciendo la capacidad de almacenamiento de hidrocarburo del yacimiento sub-saturado para su explotación y comercialización quedando como referencia para nuevos estudios que consideren todos los parámetros para llegar al objetivo principal.

The purpose of the present work was to evaluate the corporate strategic planning process of the dependencies coordinated by the directors of the technological university institutes of the official sector of the western region of Venezuela. A descriptive study was carried out, in the field modality, selecting a sample of 40 managers to whom the specific questionnaire on Corporate Strategic Planning was applied. The rigorous statistical application of the results of the survey made it possible to determine that the corporate strategic planning in the management plans was based on the criterion of fairly adequate, presenting difficulties in the formulation of corporate objectives, related to the needs of human resources, strengthening of university extension programs and development of student welfare systems. In addition, limitations related to the achievement of articulation of institutional objectives with other official plans and the availability of financial resources detected.

In this study, the behavior of the recovery factor during the displacement and storage phases of carbon dioxide (CO2) in an Ecuadorian reservoir was investigated by numerical simulation. Continuous injection and CO2 WAG methods were used. The methodology included field data collection, creation of a static reservoir model, configuration of the PVT model with CMG software, construction of a dynamic model in GEM-CMG based on rock-fluid properties, and evaluation of CO2 injection scenarios. After a screening analysis, the optimal scenario was identified and the performance of the recovery factor over time was studied. The results indicated that, during the 8 years of simulation, the recovery factor with continuous injection was 28%, while with the WAG method it reached 31%. It was concluded that WAG was the most efficient method. Regarding storage, it was observed that continuous injection was able to store 83% of the CO2 in the reservoir.