Haoran Luo, Haihong E, Zichen Tang, Shiyao Peng, Yikai Guo, Wentai Zhang, Chenghao Ma, Guanting Dong, Meina Song, Wei Lin, Yifan Zhu, Anh Tuan Luu. Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics ACL 2024. 2024.

Modeling the dynamics into graph neural networks (GNNs) contributes to the understanding of evolution in dynamic graphs, which helps optimize temporal-spatial representations for real-world dynamic network problems. Empirically, dynamic GNN embedding requires additional temporal encoders, which inevitably introduces additional learning parameters to make dynamic GNNs oversized and inefficient. Furthermore, previous dynamic GNN models are under the same fixed temporal term, which causes the short-temporal optimum. To address these issues, we propose the WinGNN framework to model dynamic graphs, which is realized by a simple GNN model with the meta-learning strategy and a novel mechanism of random gradient aggregation. WinGNN calculates the frame-wise loss of the current snapshot and passes the loss gradient to the next to model graph dynamics without temporal encoders. Then it introduces the randomized sliding-window to acquire the window-aware gradienton consecutive snapshots, and the calculated two types of gradient are aggregated to update the GNN, thereby reducing the parameter size and improving the robustness. Experiments on six public datasets show the advantage of our WinGNN compared with existing baselines, where it has reached the optimum in twenty-two out of twenty-four performance metrics.

Natural disasters are public emergencies characterized by suddenness, universality, and nonconventionality. Realizing the early warning, monitoring, and intervention of natural disasters and their derivative social impacts is significant for reducing the disasters’ damage and benefits the maintenance of social stability. Social sensors are ubiquitous sensors based on social network platforms. It uses the concepts and methods of physical space to mine social signals that integrate human perception and intelligence in cyberspace. Compared with traditional physical sensors, social sensors represent a crucial data acquisition channel in the emergency management of natural disasters and have the advantages of real time, comprehensive coverage, low cost, and flexible deployment. This article reviews the application of social sensors in natural disasters emergency management. We summarize the application functions of social sensors into three categories: natural disaster situation awareness and event detection, disaster information dissemination and communication, and disaster sentiment analysis and public opinion mining. Based on the above functions, this article analyzes the research status, data, technical methods, and application systems. Finally, this article proposes a research trend of applying social sensors in natural disaster emergency management according to the requirements of real scenarios.

The current existing data in online music service platforms are heterogeneous, extensive, and disorganized. Finding an effective method to use these data in recommending appropriate music to users during a short-term session is a significant challenge. Another serious problem is that most of the data, in reality, obey the long-tailed distribution, which consequently leads to traditional music recommendation systems recommending a lot of popular music that users do not like on a specific occasion. To solve these problems, we propose a heterogeneous knowledge-based attentive neural network model for short-term music recommendations. First, we collect three types of data for modeling entities in user–music interaction network, i.e., graphic, textual, and visual data, and then embed them into high-dimensional spaces using the TransR, distributed memory version of paragraph vector, and variational autoencoder methods, respectively. The concatenation of these embedding results is an abstract representation of the entity. Based on this, a recurrent neural network with an attention mechanism is built, which is capable of obtaining users’ preferences in the current session and consequently making recommendations. The experimental results show that our proposed approach outperforms the current state-of-the-art short-term music recommendation systems on one real-world dataset. In addition, it can also recommend more relatively unpopular songs compared with classic models.