The interest in water purification technologies in animal husbandry has significantly increased. This necessitates seeking and investigating different methods for processing the water for consumption in poultry farming. For this reason, our research was aimed at evaluation of the effects of different types of treated water on growth performance of broiler chickens, slaughter traits and some meat physicochemical parameters. The experiment included 300 day-old male Ross 308 chickens, divided into 5 groups (each group with three replications with 20 chicks), and reared until 49 days of age. Depending on the type of tested water, the birds were distributed in the following groups: group I (control) received tap water; group II received water purified by reverse osmosis; group III received magnetic water; group IV – received hydrogen water; group V received alkaline water. At the end of the experiment, a trend for higher live weight was observed in the experimental groups receiving alkaline water and reverse osmosis water, with differences compared to the control group ranging from 5.99% to 7.28%, respectively (P=0.054).The effects of hydrogen and magnetically treated water on final live weight were small and insignificant (P>0.05). A significantly higher slaughter yield was reported in all experimental groups (P<0.05). The groups that received water treated with osmosis, hydrogen and alkaline water had a significantly higher carcass weight. No significant differences were found in the other parameters - thigh, breast, wings, gizzard and heart. No significant between-group differences in the physicochemical properties of the meat were demonstrated throughout the experiment.

In the production of the ethanol from cereal grains, besides the main product which is ethanol, there are olso very valuable by-product that can be used as animal feed. The dried distilled grains with solubles (DDGS) is quite rich in protein and other nutrients. With the ever-increasing cost of soybeans and corn, many scientists are studying the possibilities of using DDGS in poultry nutrition. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of including corn DDGS and corn DDGS and probiotic in compound feeds on productive, slaughter performance and some meat physicochemical parameters of broiler chickens under floor-rearing conditions. The experiment included 3 treatments (T), namely T1: the control group received a balanced compound feed, according to the requirements of the hybrid, without the participation of corn DDGS, T2: the diett contained 15% corn DDGS and T3: the dietts contained 15% corn DDGS and supplemented 500g probiotic/ton of feed. Each experiment had 20 one-day-old sexed male Ross-308 broiler chickens, replicated 3 times, and ended when the chickens were 35 days old. The results shown that diets T2 and T3 did not positively affect the weight development of chicks compared to T1 (the control group). At 35 days old, chicken weight from the control group outperformed the two experimental groups: by 8.45% in the T3 (corn DDGS and probiotic) and by 11.76% in the T2 (corn DDGS) at P<0.05. Differences in feed consumption per 1 kg of growth over the 35-day fattening period between the control and experimental groups were small and statistically unproven. Feeding diets with 15% DDGS from corn significantly reduced carcass weight, grill, thight and wing weight in broiler chickens. There were no significant differences in slaughter yield between the study groups. Diets T2 and T3 improved the water holding capacity (WHC %) of breast meat in broilers (at P< 0.001). The lowest loss in thermal processing (cooking) was observed in breast and thigh meat of chickens fed the diets with 15% corn DDGS and probiotic (P<0.05).

The aim of the present experiment was to study the effect of including 15% of wDDGS without and with probiotic-B-Act in the combined feeds for broiler chickens on the performance, carcass characteristics and physicochemical parameters of the meat under floor rearing conditions. To achieve this aim, 3 groups of 60 one-day-old male broiler chickens Ross – 308 were formed (one control and two test), with each group had three subgroups of 20 chickens. The chickens in the control group received balanced, according to the requirements for the hybrid, combined feeds, without wDDGS. The first experimental group received a ration with the participation of 15% wDDGS from one day of age until the end of the experiment (35 days of age). The second experimental group was fed a ration with 15% wDDGS, and a probiotic at a dose of 500 g/ton of feed from one day of age until the end of the experiment. In this study, we found a positive effect on weight from the first to 10 days of growth and a negative effect of the inclusion of 15% wDDGS without probiotic, and 15% wDDGS with probiotic on daily weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio of broiler chickens during the period from 11 to 35 days of growth. We did not find proven differences between the main characteristics of the carcass in the studied groups of chickens. It was found that the inclusion of 15% wDDGS with a probiotic improves some physicochemical parameters of meat.

The current investigation examined the effect of inclusion of Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens; BSF) dry larvae in hens’ diet on egg quality and hen performance. A total of 260 brown egg-laying hens (RIR × RIW) were divided into four groups (65 hens/group; 5 pens/group) and fed with control and experimental diets (inclusion rates 3%, 6%, 9%). Although the four-week feeding period did not influence production parameters, yolk color responded positively to the test diets, showing a linear increase with the percentage of BSF inclusion rate (p < 0.001). This was reaffirmed by the increased levels of yolk carotenoids (astaxanthin and β-carotene) and α-tocopherol, with notable differences in 6% and 9% BSF-fed groups (p ≤ 0.003). Lipids are an important factor in carotenoid absorption and assimilation, and the combination of fat content and carotenoids in BSF suggests the potential of this system for egg enrichment. Along with the increased antioxidant levels, a novel finding is the positive correlation between BSF inclusion rates and hens’ egg yolk levels of C:15 and C:17 fatty acids, key players in the core mechanisms of cell health and longevity. Altogether, the results provide evidence of the potential of BSF for enrichment of eggs with carotenoids and vitamins with strong antioxidant activity, which would have a positive effect on human health.

Various water treatment technologies - magnetic treatment, alkaline ionization, hydrogen enrichment, and reverse osmosis have been compared for their potential to improve water quality and enhance the physiological responses in birds. Data from multiple studies indicate that the use of treated water can increase growth performance, feed conversion efficiency, and antioxidant capacity by reducing oxidative stress and improving nutrient absorption. Magnetic (MW) and alkaline water (AW) have been shown to stimulate metabolism and intestinal absorption, while hydrogen-rich water (HW) exhibits strong antioxidant and mantiinflammatory properties. Reverse osmosis (RO) systems provide high water purity, but also remove essentialminerals, potentially leading to electrolyte imbalances if remineralization is not performed. In conclusion, despite these potential benefits, several limitations remain. The effects of MW and AW are often inconsistent and dependent on rearing conditions and treatment parameters. HW requires specialized equipment and has a short stability period, whereas reverse osmosis systems involve high operational costs and maintenance demands. Treated water has significant potential to enhance the efficiency and sustainability of poultry production; however, its application should be based on scientifically validated parameters and economicfeasibility.