Background: This study aimed to investigate human papillomavirus (HPV) type prevalence in our region and the relationship between uterine cervical HPV types and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)/intraepithelial lesions. Methods: HPV test results were obtained from patient file archives of the Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic. Pathology report results were obtained from the digital records of the Pathology Laboratory and the patient file archives of the Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic in 2018. Results: The most frequently detected was HPV16 (29.2%), followed by HPV51 (13.1%), HPV56 (11%), HPV31 (9.2%), HPV52 (8.4%), and HPV68 (8.2%). HPV16 was positive in 50% of patients diagnosed with SCC, 54.9% of patients with HSIL, 27% of patients with LSIL, and 25% of cases diagnosed as benign (P<0.001). HPV18 was positive in 25% of patients diagnosed with SCC, 11% of patients with HSIL, 4.7% of patients with LSIL, and 5.2% of cases diagnosed as benign (P=0.019). Conclusion: The most frequent hrHPV genotype was HPV16, followed by HPV51, HPV 56, and HPV 31. There is an increase in the frequency of HPV51 and HPV56. HPV51, not included in HPV vaccines and is the second most frequent, should be included in these vaccines. In addition, although the frequency of HPV18 has decreased, HSIL and SCC generation is still high together with HPV16.

Background and Objectives: The Hippo pathway, via Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1), regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, and tissue regeneration. Aberrant YAP1 activation is linked to tumor progression and immune evasion in various cancers, including breast carcinoma, despite conflicting evidence on its prognostic value. Preclinical studies have explored drugs targeting YAP1–TEAD interactions, but therapeutic application is limited. Materials and Methods: This study included 50 patients with locally advanced breast cancer, who were assessed by a multidisciplinary tumor board and underwent neoadjuvant treatment per tumor subtype and clinical guidelines. Eligibility required both pre-treatment core biopsy and post-treatment surgical resection samples. Due to the absence of residual tumor in some patients achieving complete pathological response, post-treatment tissue was available and analyzable in 30 patients. YAP1 expression was evaluated immunohistochemically for nuclear and cytoplasmic staining patterns. ROC analysis identified a cutoff for YAP1 expression, defining tumors with ≥70% nuclear and ≥80% cytoplasmic staining. Results: YAP1 expression had a significant relationship with tumor subtype (p = 0.001), being most frequent in HER-2-positive tumors (55.6%) and least frequent in luminal tumors (11.1%). YAP1 positivity significantly predicted axillary pathological complete response (pCR) (p = 0.01). In YAP1-positive patients, 77.8% achieved axillary pCR compared to 31.7% in YAP1-negative patients, though the YAP1 status and breast pCR association were insignificant (p = 0.07). The Mann–Whitney U test indicated that higher Ki-67 values were significantly associated with positive YAP1 expression (p = 0.028). In contrast, there was no association between ER, PR status, age, and tumor size. Following treatment, there was a statistically significant change in YAP1 expression, with nuclear staining decreasing (p = 0.004) while cytoplasmic staining increased (p = 0.002). YAP1 was significantly linked to axillary pCR, HER-2 status, and Ki-67. Conclusions: Post treatment, nuclear YAP1 decreased, whereas cytoplasmic expression increased, showing a localization shift. These results suggest that YAP1 may predict treatment response and become a future therapeutic target.

Haydarpa?a Numune Medical Journal

Aims: This study evaluated the clinical, laboratory, ultrasonographic, histopathological, treatment, and follow-up characteristics of patients with molar pregnancy and assessed the clinical relevance of baseline factors associated with the development of postmolar gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) in a contemporary single-center cohort.Methods: This retrospective cohort included 259 patients with hydatidiform mole. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, ultrasonographic, histopathological, treatment, and follow-up data were reviewed. Patients with unknown GTN status were excluded from comparative analyses. Group comparisons used the Mann-Whitney U, Chi-square, or Fisher’s exact test. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate factors independently associated with postmolar GTN development. Firth-penalized logistic regression and a sensitivity analysis restricted to patients with adequate follow-up were additionally performed to assess the robustness of the findings.Results: Among 259 patients, partial hydatidiform mole was diagnosed in 163 patients (62.9%), complete hydatidiform mole in 80 (30.9%), and hydatidiform mole of unspecified subtype in 16 (6.2%). Postmolar GTN developed in 39 patients (15.1%), while GTN status was unknown in 12 (4.6%). Chemotherapy was administered to 33 patients (12.7%); all received a methotrexate folinic acid regimen. Overall, normalization of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) was achieved in 247 patients (95.4%). In multivariable analysis, initial β-hCG level per 100.000 mIU/ml increase (adjusted OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.15-1.56; p

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate gluten sensitivity and/or celiac disease (CD) on the basis of serological tests and duodenal biopsy and to draw attention to the prevalence in the population and the correlation between serological tests and biopsy results.Methods: Patients who applied to Health Sciences University Bursa High Specialization Training and Research Hospital between 2015-2019 and who underwent serological tests and duodenal biopsies with a diagnosis of CD or gluten sensitivity were retrospectively analyzed.Results: The study was conducted with a total of 1137 cases, 61.2% (n = 696) of who were women and 38.8% (n = 441) were men. Their ages range from 17 to 91, with a mean of 40.16 ± 16.18 years. Of the 178 patients with gluten sensitivity, 122 (68%) were female and 56 (32%) were male. According to the results of duodenal biopsy, an average of 8% Marsh 3, 5% Marsh 1-2 was detected in the last five years. For the whole study, a significant difference was found between celiac autoantibody positivity rates according to the biopsy results (p = 0.001; p 0.05).Conclusions: The number of patients applied with a diagnosis of CD in the last five years has gradually increased (3.4-33.7%). Of the patients with Marsh 3 and Marsh 1-2 biopsy results, 78% were under 50 years old. This suggests that gluten enteropathy in young female patients having digestive system complaints should not be ignored during the diagnosis. Serological test results were highly correlated with the biopsy results in patients with Marsh 3 biopsy results. We think that if clinical findings are supported with serological tests and directed for biopsy in the diagnosis of celiac disease, it will be more cost effective and the workload and time loss will be prevented.

Background/Objectives: The Hippo pathway, via Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1), regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, and tissue regeneration. Aberrant YAP1 activation is linked to tumor progression and immune evasion in various cancers, including breast carcinoma, despite conflicting evidence on its prognostic value. Preclinical studies have explored drugs targeting YAP1–TEAD interactions, but therapeutic application is limited. Methods: This study included 50 patients with locally advanced breast cancer, who were assessed by a multidisciplinary tumor board and underwent neoadjuvant treatment per tumor subtype and clinical guidelines. Eligibility required both pre-treatment core biopsy and post-treatment surgical resection samples. YAP1 expression was evaluated immunohistochemically for nuclear and cytoplasmic staining patterns. ROC analysis identified a cutoff for YAP1 expression, defining tumors with ≥70% nuclear and ≥80% cytoplasmic staining. Results: YAP1 expression had a significant relationship with tumor subtype (p=0.001), being most frequent in HER-2-positive tumors (55.6%) and least frequent in luminal tumors (11.1%). YAP1 positivity significantly predicted axillary pathological complete response (pCR) (p=0.01). In YAP1-positive patients, 77.8% achieved axillary pCR compared to 31.7% in YAP1-negative patients, though the YAP1 status and breast pCR association were insignificant (p=0.07). The Mann-Whitney U test indicated that higher Ki-67 values were significantly associated with positive YAP1 expression (p=0.028). In contrast, there was no association between ER, PR status, age, and tumor size. Following treatment, there was a statistically significant change in YAP1 expression, with nuclear staining decreasing (p=0.004) while cytoplasmic staining increased (p=0.002). YAP1 was significantly linked to axillary pCR, HER-2 status and Ki-67. Conclusions: Post-treatment, nuclear YAP1 decreased, whereas cytoplasmic expression increased, showing a localization shift. These results suggest that YAP1 may predict treatment response and become a future therapeutic target.