Solid-state radiation detectors, using crystalline semiconductors to convert radiation photons to electrical charges, outperform other technologies with high detectivity and sensitivity. Here, we demonstrate a thin-film x-ray detector comprised with highly crystalline two-dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper phase layered perovskites fabricated in a fully depleted p-i-n architecture. It shows high diode resistivity of 10¹² ohm·cm in reverse-bias regime leading to a high x-ray detecting sensitivity up to 0.276 C Gy_air⁻¹ cm⁻³. Such high signal is collected by the built-in potential underpinning operation of primary photocurrent device with robust operation. The detectors generate substantial x-ray photon–induced open-circuit voltages that offer an alternative detecting mechanism. Our findings suggest a new generation of x-ray detectors based on low-cost layered perovskite thin films for future x-ray imaging technologies.

Today in the competitive manufacturing sector, assuring reliable and efficient equipment performance is essential to achieve optimum production results. Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) provides a well-established framework for maximizing equipment efficiency which leading to numerous benefits including enhanced productivity, lower costs, and recognition through awards (TPM Excellence Award). Notwithstanding, effective implementation of TPM presents major challenges in manufacturing industries, which were identified through a systematic review. 17 Studies from various countries (India, Malaysia, Thailand etc.) and industries (heavy machinery, food processing, energy etc.) were included. Objectives of the study include: (1) Identify and categorize the main challenges critical to the success of TPM implementation; (2) Analyze industry experts’ perspectives on how these challenges can be overcome; (3) Provide a skillset for individuals who aspiring to pursue careers in manufacturing that focus on TPM. The main findings underline the gaps between knowledge and skills possessed by employees, improper leadership and management styles among top management, lack of employee engagement and difficulties associated with process implementation which hinder successful deployment of TPM inside organizations. The review shows important TPM-oriented proficiencies for best practice implementation which comprise awareness of TPM pillars and other related concepts, preventative maintenance practices and OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness) calculations among others. The study recommends inculcation of these TPM-related skills in professional development programs and their subsequent inclusion in relevant training initiatives to improve effectiveness as TPM practitioners.

The accelerating rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the most urgent global health challenges of the 21st century, demanding the development of sustainable, non-antibiotic antibacterial strategies. Among emerging solutions, metal oxides have attracted considerable attention for their ability to generate reactive oxygen species, disrupt microbial membranes, and degrade pollutants. Conventional oxides such as TiO₂, ZnO, and Fe₂O₃ have demonstrated promise, but their practical application remains constrained by ultraviolet light dependence, cytotoxicity, or limited antibacterial efficacy. , FeTiO₃ (derived from the naturally abundant mineral ilmenite) has recently emerged as a distinctive alternative that integrates visible-light photocatalysis with Fenton-like chemistry, enabling continuous antibacterial action under both illuminated and dark conditions. These dual mechanisms, supported by its favorable electronic structure and surface chemistry, provide FeTiO₃ with unique functional advantages over conventional oxides. This review critically evaluates the structural and electronic properties of FeTiO₃, its antibacterial mechanisms, environmental and operational performance factors, and advances in sustainable synthesis and modification. Applications in water disinfection, biomedical coatings, food packaging, construction materials, and indoor air purification are assessed alongside safety, sustainability, and economic considerations. Finally, key challenges, including scalability, durability, and regulatory pathways, are outlined, and future opportunities are proposed. Overall, FeTiO₃ is positioned as a globally relevant platform material for next-generation antibacterial technologies, with strong potential to contribute to both AMR mitigation and circular economy goals.