Objective: To study the association between normal glucose challenge test (GCT) results during pregnancy and the incidence of future maternal metabolic morbidities.Method: This was a population‐based retrospective cohort study conducted between the years 2005 and 2020. The study included all women aged 17–55 years who underwent GCT as part of the routine prenatal care at the Central District of Clalit Health Services, Israel. The highest GCT result per woman was categorized into five study groups: <120 (reference), 120–129, 130–139, 140–149, and ≥150 mg/dL. Adjusted hazard ratios of the study groups for metabolic morbidities were calculated with Cox proportional survival analysis models.Results: Among a total of 77 568 women participants, 53%, 12.3%, and 10.3% had normal GCT results of <120, 120–129, and 130–139 mg/dL, respectively. During the study period of 6.07 ± 4.35 years, 13 151 (17.0%) cases of metabolic morbidities were documented. High‐normal GCT results of 120–129 and 130–139 mg/dL were significantly associated with increased risk for future metabolic morbidity compared with <120 mg/dL (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08–1.22 and aHR 1.32, 95% CI 1.24–1.41, respectively).Conclusion: Although GCT is only recommended as a screening tool for gestational diabetes mellitus, high results, even within the normal range, may point to maternal increased risk for future metabolic morbidity.

Background: While mechanical alignment total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has long been the conventional surgical technique in patients with advanced osteoarthritis, kinematic alignment TKA has emerged as a promising alternative, designed to restore the knee’s native pre-arthritic anatomy. Since superiority of either technique remains inconclusive, we aimed to compare immediate and short-term postoperative outcomes of kinematic versus mechanical alignment TKA. Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary care centre between January 2020 and August 2022, enrolling kinematic and mechanical alignment TKA patients. Outcomes were assessed during hospitalization and at 14 days postoperatively. Data collected included patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), functional performance evaluations, pain scores, discharge disposition and hospital length of stay. Both univariate and multivariate regression analyses were conducted, adjusting for potential confounders. Results: The study included 103 patients, with 77 who underwent kinematic alignment and 26 mechanical alignment TKA. Patients in the kinematic alignment group demonstrated statistically significant better postoperative outcomes compared to those in the mechanical alignment group. Kinematic alignment TKA patients demonstrated superior functional performance on the Timed Up and Go test immediately postoperatively and were more frequently discharged home rather than to a rehabilitation facility. Hospital stay length and short-term PROMs also favoured the Kinematic alignment TKA group, showing statistically significant higher scores in the Oxford Knee Score, short form-12 Mental Component Summary, and the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Symptoms subscale. Conclusions: Kinematic alignment TKA offers superior immediate and short-term outcomes compared to mechanical alignment TKA, with benefits in functional recovery, hospitalization duration, and discharge disposition. This evidence supports kinematic alignment TKA as a viable alternative, aiding in patient and surgeon decision-making.

OBJECTIVE: We assess diabetes risk in adulthood among adolescents with isolated glucosuria. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Included were adolescents (16–19 years) examined before military service between 1993 and 2015. Data were linked with the Israeli National Diabetes Registry. Glucosuria was confirmed following normal renal function and glucose tolerance tests. Cox models were applied. RESULTS: The study included 1,611,467 adolescents, of whom 755 (0.05%) had glucosuria. The latter group had a higher proportion of males (75% vs. 57%) and a lower proportion of BMI ≥ 85th percentile (10.4% vs. 16.3%) compared with nonglucosuric (all P < 0.001). During follow-up, 10,328 diabetes cases were recorded with an incidence rate of 87.5 and 43.3 per 100,000 person-years for those with versus without glucosuria, respectively. Individuals with glucosuria had an adjusted hazard ratio of 2.17 (95% CI, 1.17–4.04) for diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: Glucosuria in adolescents is associated with an increased risk of early-onset diabetes.

Background: An increasing number of older adults have been hospitalized in cardiac intensive care units. Their more complex medical profiles and frailty dictate treatment decisions and affect outcomes. There is no universally agreed‐upon age definition for an older adult, with common thresholds being 65 or 75 years. Our objective was to evaluate the predictive value of various age groups while accounting for frailty. Methods: In this observational cohort study, we analyzed data from a prospective registry of consecutive patients admitted to the cardiac intensive care unit at a tertiary hospital between January 2014 and March 2022 with a diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome. The primary outcome was the composite of 90‐day all‐cause death, shock, acute heart failure, acute kidney injury, stroke, mechanical ventilation, and ventricular arrhythmias. Frailty was dichotomized using the routinely measured Norton score for all inpatients; a ≤17 score was defined as frail. Results: The study included 4790 patients with acute coronary syndrome, divided into age groups: 2249 aged <65 years, 1294 aged 65 to 74 years, and 1247 aged ≥75 years, with a higher proportion of women in the older age groups. Due to the interaction between age and frailty, the cohort was divided and analyzed separately on the basis of frailty status. Among the nonfrail group (3915 [81.7%]), 16% reached the outcome. Adjusted odds ratios for the primary outcome in patients aged ≥75 years were 2.18 (95% CI, 1.69–2.81) and 1.46 (95% CI, 1.15–1.85) compared with those aged <65 years and 65 to 74 years, respectively. For patients aged 65 to 74 years compared with those <65 years, the odds ratio was 1.49 (95% CI, 1.16–1.91). In the frail group, where 60% reached the outcome, no significant association was found between age groups and outcomes. Conclusions: Our results suggest that frailty may be a surrogate for aging and is a stronger predictor than chronological age for adverse outcomes among patients with acute coronary syndrome in the cardiac intensive care unit.