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Päivi Leino-Arjas; Jorma Seitsamo; Clas-Håkan Nygård; Prakash K.C.; Subas Neupane. Erratum: Leino-Arjas et al. Process of Work Disability: From Determinants of Sickness Absence Trajectories to Disability Retirement in a Long-Term Follow-Up of Municipal Employees. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 2614. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 6917 .
AMA StylePäivi Leino-Arjas, Jorma Seitsamo, Clas-Håkan Nygård, Prakash K.C., Subas Neupane. Erratum: Leino-Arjas et al. Process of Work Disability: From Determinants of Sickness Absence Trajectories to Disability Retirement in a Long-Term Follow-Up of Municipal Employees. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 2614. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (13):6917.
Chicago/Turabian StylePäivi Leino-Arjas; Jorma Seitsamo; Clas-Håkan Nygård; Prakash K.C.; Subas Neupane. 2021. "Erratum: Leino-Arjas et al. Process of Work Disability: From Determinants of Sickness Absence Trajectories to Disability Retirement in a Long-Term Follow-Up of Municipal Employees. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 2614." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 13: 6917.
Globalization and structural changes in forestry have changed the content and operating practices of timber harvesting. Furthermore, digitization and new forms of work organization have changed work characteristics, requirements and resources. The importance of knowledge and competence, and the management of new technology, are emphasized more. The purpose of this study was to find out how work resource factors are related to the work ability of forest machine entrepreneurs and drivers. The research material was collected in 2018 through an online survey involving 322 professionals in the timber harvesting industry, 87 forest machine entrepreneurs and 235 forest machine drivers. The Mann-Whitney U-test and logistic regression analysis have been used for statistical analysis. Effective work organization and social support from co-workers, as well as the perceived meaningfulness of one’s work, were resources that increased the likelihood of good work ability. Based on our results, good management may enhance work resources, and by developing work it is possible to support employee ability amid the pressures of change inherent to a competitive commercial environment and new forms of work.
Hannu Pursio; Anna Siukola; Minna Savinainen; Hanna Kosonen; Heini Huhtala; Clas-Håkan Nygård. Associations between Work Resources and Work Ability among Forestry Professionals. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4822 .
AMA StyleHannu Pursio, Anna Siukola, Minna Savinainen, Hanna Kosonen, Heini Huhtala, Clas-Håkan Nygård. Associations between Work Resources and Work Ability among Forestry Professionals. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):4822.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHannu Pursio; Anna Siukola; Minna Savinainen; Hanna Kosonen; Heini Huhtala; Clas-Håkan Nygård. 2021. "Associations between Work Resources and Work Ability among Forestry Professionals." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 4822.
Work disability may originate early during work history and involve sickness absences (SA) and eventually permanent disability. We studied this process over 15 years. Questionnaire data collected in 1981 on health, working conditions, and lifestyle of Finnish municipal employees aged 44–58 years (n = 6257) were linked with registers on SA (≥10 workdays), disability pension, and death from the period 1986–1995. Trajectory analysis was used to assess development in SA (days/year) over 5 years (1981–1985). We analyzed determinants of the trajectories with multinomial regression, while trajectory membership was used as a predictor of disability pension (DP) during the subsequent 10 years in survival analysis. Three SA trajectories emerged: increasing (women: 6.8%; men: 10.2%), moderate (21.2%; 22.7%), and low. In a mutually adjusted model, the increasing trajectory in women was associated with baseline musculoskeletal (MSD), mental and respiratory disorders, injuries, obesity, sleep problems, and low exercise (effect sizes OR > 2), and in men with MSD, sleep problems, smoking, low exercise, and non-satisfaction with management. The moderate trajectory associated with MSD, ‘other somatic disorders’, sleep problems, and awkward work postures in both genders; in women, also overweight, cardiovascular and respiratory morbidity, and (inversely) knowledge-intensive work, and in men, smoking and mental disorders were thus associated. Ten-year risks of DP contrasting increasing vs. low SA were more than 10-fold in both genders and contrasting moderate vs. low SA 3-fold in women and 2-fold in men. These findings emphasize the need for early identification of workers with short-term problems of work ability and interventions regarding lifestyle, health, and working conditions, to help prevent permanent disability.
Päivi Leino-Arjas; Jorma Seitsamo; Clas-Håkan Nygård; Prakash K.C.; Subas Neupane. Process of Work Disability: From Determinants of Sickness Absence Trajectories to Disability Retirement in a Long-Term Follow-Up of Municipal Employees. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 2614 .
AMA StylePäivi Leino-Arjas, Jorma Seitsamo, Clas-Håkan Nygård, Prakash K.C., Subas Neupane. Process of Work Disability: From Determinants of Sickness Absence Trajectories to Disability Retirement in a Long-Term Follow-Up of Municipal Employees. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (5):2614.
Chicago/Turabian StylePäivi Leino-Arjas; Jorma Seitsamo; Clas-Håkan Nygård; Prakash K.C.; Subas Neupane. 2021. "Process of Work Disability: From Determinants of Sickness Absence Trajectories to Disability Retirement in a Long-Term Follow-Up of Municipal Employees." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5: 2614.
The World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Labour Organization (ILO) are developing joint estimates of the work-related burden of disease and injury (WHO/ILO Joint Estimates), with contributions from a large network of experts. Evidence from mechanistic data suggests that occupational exposure to ergonomic risk factors may cause selected other musculoskeletal diseases, other than back or neck pain (MSD) or osteoarthritis of hip or knee (OA). In this paper, we present a systematic review and meta-analysis of parameters for estimating the number of disability-adjusted life years from MSD or OA that are attributable to occupational exposure to ergonomic risk factors, for the development of the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates. We aimed to systematically review and meta-analyse estimates of the effect of occupational exposure to ergonomic risk factors (force exertion, demanding posture, repetitiveness, hand-arm vibration, lifting, kneeling and/or squatting, and climbing) on MSD and OA (two outcomes: prevalence and incidence). We developed and published a protocol, applying the Navigation Guide as an organizing systematic review framework where feasible. We searched electronic academic databases for potentially relevant records from published and unpublished studies, including the International Trials Register, Ovid Medline, EMBASE, and CISDOC. We also searched electronic grey literature databases, Internet search engines and organizational websites; hand-searched reference list of previous systematic reviews and included study records; and consulted additional experts. We included working-age (≥15 years) workers in the formal and informal economy in any WHO and/or ILO Member State but excluded children (<15 years) and unpaid domestic workers. We included randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case-control studies and other non-randomized intervention studies with an estimate of the effect of occupational exposure to ergonomic risk factors (any exposure to force exertion, demanding posture, repetitiveness, hand-arm vibration, lifting, kneeling and/or squatting, and climbing ≥ 2 h/day) compared with no or low exposure to the theoretical minimum risk exposure level (<2 h/day) on the prevalence or incidence of MSD or OA. At least two review authors independently screened titles and abstracts against the eligibility criteria at a first stage and full texts of potentially eligible records at a second stage, followed by extraction of data from qualifying studies. Missing data were requested from principal study authors. We combined odds ratios using random-effect meta-analysis. Two or more review authors assessed the risk of bias and the quality of evidence, using Navigation Guide tools adapted to this project. In total eight studies (4 cohort studies and 4 case control studies) met the inclusion criteria, comprising a total of 2,378,729 participants (1,157,943 females and 1,220,786 males) in 6 countries in 3 WHO regions (Europe, Eastern Mediterranean and Western Pacific). The exposure was measured using self-reports in most studies and with a job exposure matrix in one study and outcome was generally assessed with physician diagnostic records or administrative health data. Across included studies, risk of bias was generally moderate. Compared with no or low exposure (<2 h per day), any occupational exposure to ergonomic risk factors increased the risk of acquiring MSD (odds ratio (OR) 1.76, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.14 to 2.72, 4 studies, 2,376,592 participants, I2 70%); and increased the risk of acquiring OA of knee or hip (OR 2.20, 95% CI 1.42 to 3.40, 3 studies, 1,354 participants, I2 13%); Subgroup analysis for MSD found evidence for differences by sex, but indicated a difference in study type, where OR was higher among study participants in a case control study compared to study participants in cohort studies. Overall, for both outcomes, the main body of evidence was assessed as being of low quality. Occupational exposure to ergonomic risk factors increased the risk of acquiring MSD and of acquiring OA of knee or hip. We judged the body of human evidence on the relationship between exposure to occupational ergonomic factors and MSD as “limited evidence of harmfulness” and the relationship between exposure to occupational ergonomic factors and OA also as “limited evidence of harmfulness”. These relative risks might perhaps be suitable as input data for WHO/ILO modelling of work-related burden of disease and injury. Protocol identifier: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2018.09.053 PROSPERO registration number: CRD42018102631
Carel T.J. Hulshof; Frank Pega; Subas Neupane; Claudio Colosio; Joost G. Daams; Prakash Kc; Paul P.F.M. Kuijer; Stefan Mandic-Rajcevic; Federica Masci; Henk F. van der Molen; Clas-Håkan Nygård; Jodi Oakman; Karin I. Proper; Monique H.W. Frings-Dresen. The effect of occupational exposure to ergonomic risk factors on osteoarthritis of hip or knee and selected other musculoskeletal diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury. Environment International 2021, 150, 106349 .
AMA StyleCarel T.J. Hulshof, Frank Pega, Subas Neupane, Claudio Colosio, Joost G. Daams, Prakash Kc, Paul P.F.M. Kuijer, Stefan Mandic-Rajcevic, Federica Masci, Henk F. van der Molen, Clas-Håkan Nygård, Jodi Oakman, Karin I. Proper, Monique H.W. Frings-Dresen. The effect of occupational exposure to ergonomic risk factors on osteoarthritis of hip or knee and selected other musculoskeletal diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury. Environment International. 2021; 150 ():106349.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarel T.J. Hulshof; Frank Pega; Subas Neupane; Claudio Colosio; Joost G. Daams; Prakash Kc; Paul P.F.M. Kuijer; Stefan Mandic-Rajcevic; Federica Masci; Henk F. van der Molen; Clas-Håkan Nygård; Jodi Oakman; Karin I. Proper; Monique H.W. Frings-Dresen. 2021. "The effect of occupational exposure to ergonomic risk factors on osteoarthritis of hip or knee and selected other musculoskeletal diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury." Environment International 150, no. : 106349.
The World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Labour Organization (ILO) are developing joint estimates of the work-related burden of disease and injury (WHO/ILO Joint Estimates), with contributions from a large network of experts. Evidence from mechanistic and human data suggests that occupational exposure to ergonomic (or physical) risk factors may cause osteoarthritis and other musculoskeletal diseases (excluding rheumatoid arthritis, gout, and back and neck pain). In this paper, we present a systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of occupational exposure to physical ergonomic risk factors for estimating the number of disability-adjusted life years from these diseases that are attributable to exposure to this risk factor, for the development of the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates. We aimed to systematically review and meta-analyse estimates of the prevalence of occupational exposure to ergonomic risk factors for osteoarthritis and other musculoskeletal diseases. We searched electronic bibliographic databases for potentially relevant records from published and unpublished studies, including Ovid Medline, EMBASE, and CISDOC. We also searched electronic grey literature databases, Internet search engines and organizational websites; hand-searched reference list of previous systematic reviews and included study records; and consulted additional experts. We included working-age (≥15 years) workers in the formal and informal economy in any WHO and/or ILO Member State but excluded children (<15 years) and unpaid domestic workers. The exposure was defined as any occupational exposure to one or more of: force exertion, demanding posture, repetitive movement, hand-arm vibration, kneeling or squatting, lifting, and/or climbing. We included all study types with an estimate of the prevalence of occupational exposure to ergonomic risk factors. At least two review authors independently screened titles and abstracts against the eligibility criteria at a first stage and full texts of potentially eligible records at a second stage, followed by extraction of data from qualifying studies. We combined prevalence estimates using random-effect meta-analysis. Two or more review authors assessed the risk of bias and the quality of evidence, using the ROB-SPEO tool and QoE-SPEO approach developed specifically for the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates. Five studies (three cross-sectional studies and two cohort studies) met the inclusion criteria, comprising 150,895 participants (81,613 females) in 36 countries in two WHO regions (Africa, Europe). The exposure was generally assessed with questionnaire data about self-reported exposure. Estimates of the prevalence of occupational exposure to ergonomic risk factors are presented for all five included studies, disaggregated by country, sex, 5-year age group, industrial sector or occupational group where feasible. The pooled prevalence of any occupational exposure to ergonomic risk factors was 0.76 (95% confidence interval 0.69 to 0.84, 3 studies, 148,433 participants, 35 countries in the WHO Europe region, I2 100%, low quality of evidence). Subgroup analyses found no statistically significant differences in exposure by sex but differences by age group, occupation and country. No evidence was found for publication bias. We assessed this body evidence to be of low quality, based on serious concerns for risk of bias due to exposure assessment only being based on self-report and for indirectness due to evidence from two WHO regions only. Our systematic review and meta-analysis found that occupational exposure to ergonomic risk factors is highly prevalent. The current body of evidence is, however, limited, especially by risk of bias and indirectness. Producing estimates for the burden of disease attributable to occupational exposure to ergonomic risk factors appears evidence-based, and the pooled effect estimates presented in this systematic review may perhaps be used as input data for the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates. Protocol identifier: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2018.09.053. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42018102631.
Carel T.J. Hulshof; Frank Pega; Subas Neupane; Henk F. van der Molen; Claudio Colosio; Joost G. Daams; Alexis Descatha; Prakash Kc; Paul P.F.M. Kuijer; Stefan Mandic-Rajcevic; Federica Masci; Rebecca L. Morgan; Clas-Håkan Nygård; Jodi Oakman; Karin I. Proper; Svetlana Solovieva; Monique H.W. Frings-Dresen. The prevalence of occupational exposure to ergonomic risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury. Environment International 2020, 146, 106157 .
AMA StyleCarel T.J. Hulshof, Frank Pega, Subas Neupane, Henk F. van der Molen, Claudio Colosio, Joost G. Daams, Alexis Descatha, Prakash Kc, Paul P.F.M. Kuijer, Stefan Mandic-Rajcevic, Federica Masci, Rebecca L. Morgan, Clas-Håkan Nygård, Jodi Oakman, Karin I. Proper, Svetlana Solovieva, Monique H.W. Frings-Dresen. The prevalence of occupational exposure to ergonomic risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury. Environment International. 2020; 146 ():106157.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarel T.J. Hulshof; Frank Pega; Subas Neupane; Henk F. van der Molen; Claudio Colosio; Joost G. Daams; Alexis Descatha; Prakash Kc; Paul P.F.M. Kuijer; Stefan Mandic-Rajcevic; Federica Masci; Rebecca L. Morgan; Clas-Håkan Nygård; Jodi Oakman; Karin I. Proper; Svetlana Solovieva; Monique H.W. Frings-Dresen. 2020. "The prevalence of occupational exposure to ergonomic risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury." Environment International 146, no. : 106157.
While policymakers emphasize the need to delay retirement age, numerous traditional industries, among them postal services, emphasize the need for employee downsizings. These can be contradictory needs. Downsizings can reduce work life satisfaction (WLS) among workers, and reduced WLS can decrease willingness to delay retirement age. In this cross-sectional study, we explore WLS trajectories of former postal service workers by analyzing quantitative survey data (N = 201) and qualitative interview data (N = 40). In the data, workers aged 50–67 years evaluate their lifelong work satisfaction. The results of the quantitative and the qualitative study complement and mirror each other. Same trajectories of WLS were identified in both data. One-third of the survey respondents reported decreasing WLS, which according to the qualitative data relates to employee downsizings. The article highlights the importance of acknowledging contextual elements of work satisfaction measurement and the benefits of combining methodological traditions to understand the longer-term dynamics involved
Miira Niska; K.C Prakash; Anna Siukola; Hanna Kosonen; Jari Luomanen; Kirsi Lumme-Sandt; Subas Neupane; Pirjo Nikander; Clas-Håkan Nygård. Evaluation of Lifelong Work Satisfaction among Former Postal Service Workers. Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleMiira Niska, K.C Prakash, Anna Siukola, Hanna Kosonen, Jari Luomanen, Kirsi Lumme-Sandt, Subas Neupane, Pirjo Nikander, Clas-Håkan Nygård. Evaluation of Lifelong Work Satisfaction among Former Postal Service Workers. Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies. 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMiira Niska; K.C Prakash; Anna Siukola; Hanna Kosonen; Jari Luomanen; Kirsi Lumme-Sandt; Subas Neupane; Pirjo Nikander; Clas-Håkan Nygård. 2020. "Evaluation of Lifelong Work Satisfaction among Former Postal Service Workers." Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies , no. : 1.
Background: We investigated work ability and trajectories of work life satisfaction (WLS) as predictors of intention to retire (ITR) before the statutory age. Methods: Participants were Finnish postal service employees, who responded to surveys in 2016 and 2018 (n = 1466). Survey measures included ITR, work ability and WLS. Mixture modelling was used to identify trajectories of WLS. A generalized linear model was used to determine the measures of association (Risk Ratios, RR; 95% Confidence Intervals, CI) between exposures (work ability and WLS) and ITR. Results: Approximately 40% of respondents indicated ITR. Four distinct trajectories of WLS were identified: high (33%), moderate (35%), decreasing (23%) and low (9%). Participants with poor work ability (RR 1.79, 95% CI 1.40–2.29) and decreasing WLS (1.29, 1.13–1.46) were more likely to indicate an ITR early compared to the participants with excellent/good work ability and high WLS. Job control mediated the relationship between ITR and work ability (9.3%) and WLS (14.7%). Job support also played a similar role (14% and 20.6%). Conclusions: Work ability and WLS are important contributors to the retirement intentions of employees. Ensuring workers have appropriate support and control over their work are mechanisms through which organisations may encourage employees to remain at work for longer.
Prakash K.C.; Jodi Oakman; Clas-Håkan Nygård; Anna Siukola; Kirsi Lumme-Sandt; Pirjo Nikander; Subas Neupane. Intention to Retire in Employees over 50 Years. What is the Role of Work Ability and Work Life Satisfaction? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 2500 .
AMA StylePrakash K.C., Jodi Oakman, Clas-Håkan Nygård, Anna Siukola, Kirsi Lumme-Sandt, Pirjo Nikander, Subas Neupane. Intention to Retire in Employees over 50 Years. What is the Role of Work Ability and Work Life Satisfaction? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (14):2500.
Chicago/Turabian StylePrakash K.C.; Jodi Oakman; Clas-Håkan Nygård; Anna Siukola; Kirsi Lumme-Sandt; Pirjo Nikander; Subas Neupane. 2019. "Intention to Retire in Employees over 50 Years. What is the Role of Work Ability and Work Life Satisfaction?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 14: 2500.
Objective: To study the trajectories of work ability and investigate the impact of multisite pain and working conditions on pathways of work ability over a six-year period. Methods: The longitudinal study was conducted with Finnish food industry workers (n = 866) with data collected every 2 years from 2003–2009. Questions covered musculoskeletal pain, physical and psychosocial working conditions (physical strain, repetitive movements, awkward postures; mental strain, team support, leadership, possibility to influence) and work ability. Latent class growth analysis and logistic regression were used to analyse the impact of multisite pain and working conditions on work ability trajectories (pathways). Results: Three trajectories of work ability emerged: decreasing (5%), increasing (5%), and good (90%). In the former two trajectories, the mean score of work ability changed from good to poor and poor to good during follow-up, while in the latter, individuals maintained good work ability during the follow-up. In the multivariable adjusted model, number of pain sites was significantly associated with higher odds of belonging to the trajectory of poor work ability (Odds ratio (OR) 4 pain sites 2.96, 1.25–7.03). Conclusions: A substantial number of employees maintained good work ability across the follow up. However, for employees with poor work ability, multisite musculoskeletal pain has an important influence, with effective prevention strategies required to reduce its prevalence.
Jodi Oakman; Subas Neupane; K.C. Prakash; Clas-Håkan Nygård. What Are the Key Workplace Influences on Pathways of Work Ability? A Six-Year Follow Up. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 2363 .
AMA StyleJodi Oakman, Subas Neupane, K.C. Prakash, Clas-Håkan Nygård. What Are the Key Workplace Influences on Pathways of Work Ability? A Six-Year Follow Up. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (13):2363.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJodi Oakman; Subas Neupane; K.C. Prakash; Clas-Håkan Nygård. 2019. "What Are the Key Workplace Influences on Pathways of Work Ability? A Six-Year Follow Up." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 13: 2363.
The Need for Recovery (NFR) Scale facilitates the understanding of the factors that can lead to sustainable working and employability. Short-form scales can reduce the burden on researchers and respondents. Our aim was to create and validate a short-form Danish version of the NFR Scale. Two datasets were used to conduct the exploratory and confirmatory analyses. This was done using qualitative and quantitative methods. The exploratory phase identified several short-form versions of the Danish NFR Scale and evaluated the quality of each through the assessment of content, construct and criterion validity, and responsiveness. These evaluations were then verified through the confirmatory analysis, using the second dataset. A short-form NFR scale consisting of three items (exhausted at the end of a work day, hard to find interest in other people after a work day, it takes over an hour to fully recover from a work day) showed excellent validity and responsiveness compared to the nine-item scale. Furthermore, a short-form consisting of just two items also showed excellent validity and good responsiveness. A short-form NFR scale, consisting of three items from the Danish NFR Scale, seems to be an appropriate substitute for the full nine-item scale.
Matthew L. Stevens; Patrick Crowley; Anne H. Garde; Ole S. Mortensen; Clas-Håkan Nygård; Andreas Holtermann. Validation of a Short-Form Version of the Danish Need for Recovery Scale against the Full Scale. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 2334 .
AMA StyleMatthew L. Stevens, Patrick Crowley, Anne H. Garde, Ole S. Mortensen, Clas-Håkan Nygård, Andreas Holtermann. Validation of a Short-Form Version of the Danish Need for Recovery Scale against the Full Scale. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (13):2334.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMatthew L. Stevens; Patrick Crowley; Anne H. Garde; Ole S. Mortensen; Clas-Håkan Nygård; Andreas Holtermann. 2019. "Validation of a Short-Form Version of the Danish Need for Recovery Scale against the Full Scale." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 13: 2334.
The World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Labour Organization (ILO) are developing a joint methodology for estimating the national and global work-related burden of disease and injury (WHO/ILO joint methodology), with contributions from a large network of experts. In this paper, we present the protocol for two systematic reviews of parameters for estimating the number of disability-adjusted life years from osteoarthritis of hip or knee, and selected other musculoskeletal diseases respectively, attributable to exposure to occupational ergonomic risk factors to inform the development of the WHO/ILO joint methodology. We aim to systematically review studies on exposure to occupational ergonomic risk factors (Systematic Review 1) and systematically review and meta-analyze estimates of the effect of exposure to occupational ergonomic risk factors on osteoarthritis of the hip or knee, and selected other musculoskeletal diseases respectively (Systematic Review 2), applying the Navigation Guide systematic review methodology as an organizing framework, conducting both systematic reviews in tandem and in a harmonized way. Separately for Systematic Reviews 1 and 2, we will search electronic academic databases for potentially relevant records from published and unpublished studies, including Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science and CISDOC. We will also search electronic grey literature databases, Internet search engines and organizational websites; hand-search reference lists of previous systematic reviews and included study records; and consult additional experts. We will include working-age (≥15 years) workers in the formal and informal economy in any WHO and/or ILO Member State, but exclude children (<15 years) and unpaid domestic workers. The included occupational ergonomic risk factors will be any exposure to one or more of: force exertion; demanding posture; repetitiveness; hand-arm vibration; lifting; kneeling and/or squatting; and climbing. Included outcomes will be (i) osteoarthritis and (ii) other musculoskeletal diseases (i.e., one or more of: rotator cuff syndrome; bicipital tendinitis; calcific tendinitis; shoulder impingement; bursitis shoulder; epicondylitis medialis; epicondylitis lateralis; bursitis elbow; bursitis hip; chondromalacia patellae; meniscus disorders; and/or bursitis knee). For Systematic Review 1, we will include quantitative prevalence studies of any exposure to occupational ergonomic risk factors stratified by country, gender, age and industrial sector or occupation. For Systematic Review 2, we will include randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case-control-studies and other non-randomized intervention studies with an estimate of the relative effect of any exposure with occupational ergonomic risk factors on the prevalence or incidence of osteoarthritis and/or selected musculoskeletal diseases, compared with the theoretical minimum risk exposure level (i.e., no exposure). At least two review authors will independently screen titles and abstracts against the eligibility criteria at a first stage and full texts of potentially eligible records at a second stage, followed by extraction of data from qualifying studies. At least two review authors will assess risk of bias and the quality of evidence, using the most suited tools currently available. For Systematic Review 2, if feasible, we will combine relative risks using meta-analysis. We will report results using the guidelines for accurate and transparent health estimates reporting (GATHER) for Systematic Review 1 and the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines (PRISMA) for Systematic Review 2. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42018102631.
Carel T.J. Hulshof; Claudio Colosio; Joost G. Daams; Ivan D. Ivanov; K.C. Prakash; Paul P.F.M. Kuijer; Nancy Leppink; Stefan Mandic-Rajcevic; Frederica Masci; Henk F. van der Molen; Subas Neupane; Clas-Håkan Nygård; Jodi Oakman; Frank Pega; Karin Proper; Annette M. Prüss-Üstün; Yuka Ujita; Monique H.W. Frings-Dresen. WHO/ILO work-related burden of disease and injury: Protocol for systematic reviews of exposure to occupational ergonomic risk factors and of the effect of exposure to occupational ergonomic risk factors on osteoarthritis of hip or knee and selected other musculoskeletal diseases. Environment International 2018, 125, 554 -566.
AMA StyleCarel T.J. Hulshof, Claudio Colosio, Joost G. Daams, Ivan D. Ivanov, K.C. Prakash, Paul P.F.M. Kuijer, Nancy Leppink, Stefan Mandic-Rajcevic, Frederica Masci, Henk F. van der Molen, Subas Neupane, Clas-Håkan Nygård, Jodi Oakman, Frank Pega, Karin Proper, Annette M. Prüss-Üstün, Yuka Ujita, Monique H.W. Frings-Dresen. WHO/ILO work-related burden of disease and injury: Protocol for systematic reviews of exposure to occupational ergonomic risk factors and of the effect of exposure to occupational ergonomic risk factors on osteoarthritis of hip or knee and selected other musculoskeletal diseases. Environment International. 2018; 125 ():554-566.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarel T.J. Hulshof; Claudio Colosio; Joost G. Daams; Ivan D. Ivanov; K.C. Prakash; Paul P.F.M. Kuijer; Nancy Leppink; Stefan Mandic-Rajcevic; Frederica Masci; Henk F. van der Molen; Subas Neupane; Clas-Håkan Nygård; Jodi Oakman; Frank Pega; Karin Proper; Annette M. Prüss-Üstün; Yuka Ujita; Monique H.W. Frings-Dresen. 2018. "WHO/ILO work-related burden of disease and injury: Protocol for systematic reviews of exposure to occupational ergonomic risk factors and of the effect of exposure to occupational ergonomic risk factors on osteoarthritis of hip or knee and selected other musculoskeletal diseases." Environment International 125, no. : 554-566.
ObjectivesWe studied the developmental trajectories of multisite musculoskeletal pain (MSP) to learn whether pain in midlife persists to old age, and whether pain trajectories associate with midlife work or lifestyle exposures or retirement from work.MethodsMunicipal employees aged 44–58 years were studied in 1981 (n=6257) with follow-ups in 1985, 1992, 1997 and 2009. Pain in the neck, low back, and upper and lower limbs was assessed in each survey. Trajectories of the number (0–4) of pain sites were defined using growth mixture modelling (n=3093). Workload, lifestyle and morbidity were elicited by questionnaire and retirement from registries. Associations of baseline factors with pain trajectories were assessed by multinomial logistic regression. Cumulative hazard curves for retirement by trajectory group were calculated.ResultsThree trajectories of pain over 28 years emerged: low (25%), moderate (52%) and high-decreasing (23%). In the latter, the number of pain sites first decreased sharply, stabilising to a moderate level after most subjects had retired. The disability pension rate was highest in this trajectory, which associated with high baseline morbidity, particularly musculoskeletal disorder (OR 8.06; 95% CI 5.97 to 10.87). Also high biomechanical exposure (2.86;95% CI 2.16 to 3.78), high job demands (1.79; 95% CI 1.39 to 2.30), high job control (OR 0.70; 95% CI 0.54 to 0.90), body mass index (BMI) ≥25.0 kg/m2 (1.40; 95% CI 1.09 to 1.80) and low leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) (1.39; 95% CI 1.09 to 1.78) at baseline were associated with this trajectory. However, high LTPA and BMI in repeated surveys also associated with the high-decreasing trajectory.ConclusionMSP in midlife often persists to old age. However, high widespreadness of pain may decrease with retirement from work.
Subas Neupane; Clas-Håkan Nygård; K C Prakash; Mikaela von Bonsdorff; Monika von Bonsdorff; Jorma Seitsamo; Taina Rantanen; Juhani Ilmarinen; Päivi Leino-Arjas. Multisite musculoskeletal pain trajectories from midlife to old age: a 28-year follow-up of municipal employees. Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2018, 75, 863 -870.
AMA StyleSubas Neupane, Clas-Håkan Nygård, K C Prakash, Mikaela von Bonsdorff, Monika von Bonsdorff, Jorma Seitsamo, Taina Rantanen, Juhani Ilmarinen, Päivi Leino-Arjas. Multisite musculoskeletal pain trajectories from midlife to old age: a 28-year follow-up of municipal employees. Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2018; 75 (12):863-870.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSubas Neupane; Clas-Håkan Nygård; K C Prakash; Mikaela von Bonsdorff; Monika von Bonsdorff; Jorma Seitsamo; Taina Rantanen; Juhani Ilmarinen; Päivi Leino-Arjas. 2018. "Multisite musculoskeletal pain trajectories from midlife to old age: a 28-year follow-up of municipal employees." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 75, no. 12: 863-870.
Objectives We aimed to investigate the long-term association of insomnia and fatigue due to shift work (with and without night shifts) in midlife and mobility limitations (ML) among initially middle-aged subjects followed over 28 years. Methods The Finnish Longitudinal Study on Ageing Municipal Employees (FLAME) was conducted by the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health from 1981 to 2009 among 6257 municipal workers. This study is based on the latest available response on ML questionnaires either from 1992 or 1997 or in 2009 (n=4704). International Classification of Functioning (ICF) was used to code the nine mobility tasks included in the ML. Insomnia and fatigue due to shift work were assessed using the yes/no questions in the baseline. The Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) for the association of insomnia and fatigue due to shift work and ML were assessed by using mixed Poisson regression. The results are presented separately for women and men in shift work with and without night shifts. Results After adjusting for age, smoking, alcohol use, BMI, physical exercise and chronic diseases, women engaged in shift work without night shifts in midlife had on average a 24% (due to shift work insomnia) and a 16% (due to shift work fatigue) higher risk for a unit increase in ML in old age than those without shiftwork insomnia and fatigue. Likewise, men engaged in shift work with night shifts in midlife had on average a 61% (insomnia) and a 66% (fatigue) higher risk for a unit increase in ML in old age. Furthermore, women in shift work with night shifts and men in shift work without night shifts had on average a higher risk of ML, but the risk was attenuated and remained insignificant after adjustment. Conclusions The findings of this prospective 28 year cohort study suggest that shift work related insomnia and fatigue in midlife have inverse effects on mobility functions in old age irrespective of gender and type of shift work, and indicates in the initiation of prevention of mobility decline in working life.
Kc Prakash; Subas Neupane; Päivi Leino-Arjas; Mikko Härmä; Clas-Håkan Nygård. 1617g Association of insomnia and fatigue due to shift work in midlife and mobility limitations over 28 years of follow-up. Ageing and Work 2018, 75, A37 -A38.
AMA StyleKc Prakash, Subas Neupane, Päivi Leino-Arjas, Mikko Härmä, Clas-Håkan Nygård. 1617g Association of insomnia and fatigue due to shift work in midlife and mobility limitations over 28 years of follow-up. Ageing and Work. 2018; 75 ():A37-A38.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKc Prakash; Subas Neupane; Päivi Leino-Arjas; Mikko Härmä; Clas-Håkan Nygård. 2018. "1617g Association of insomnia and fatigue due to shift work in midlife and mobility limitations over 28 years of follow-up." Ageing and Work 75, no. : A37-A38.
This study evaluates the association of physical and mental strain with the onset and persistence of multi-site musculoskeletal pain among younger and older employees in four-year follow-up. A questionnaire survey was conducted twice in a food processing company, in 2005 and 2009, with responses from 734 employees (445 younger and 289 older; 65% female). Information on musculoskeletal pain during the preceding week and perceived mental and physical strain was obtained through a structured questionnaire. The association of onset and persistent of multi-site pain with mental and physical strain was estimated with log binomial regression analysis and stratified by age group. Risk ratios (RR) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) are reported for the estimates. More than 56% of the employees reported multi-site pain at baseline. Among those who reported multi-site pain at baseline 70% reported persistent multi-site pain and one-third reported new onset of multi-site pain at follow-up. Mental strain at baseline strongly predicted persistence of multi-site pain among both younger and older employees (RR from for younger employees = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.01–2.83 and RR for older employees = 2.25, 95% CI 0 1.27–3.98) but the association with physical strain was not statistically significant. Mental strain predicted the risk of persistence of multi-site pain among both younger and older employees in four-year follow-up but not onset of multi-site pain. The results of this study suggest that monitoring working conditions of all age workers can reduce physical and mental strain, thereby reducing the incidence of multi-site musculoskeletal pain and promoting workers' health.
Subas Neupane; Clas-Håkan Nygård. Physical and mental strain at work: Relationships with onset and persistent of multi-site pain in a four-year follow up. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 2017, 60, 47 -52.
AMA StyleSubas Neupane, Clas-Håkan Nygård. Physical and mental strain at work: Relationships with onset and persistent of multi-site pain in a four-year follow up. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics. 2017; 60 ():47-52.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSubas Neupane; Clas-Håkan Nygård. 2017. "Physical and mental strain at work: Relationships with onset and persistent of multi-site pain in a four-year follow up." International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 60, no. : 47-52.
Kc Prakash; Subas Neupane; Päivi Leino-Arjas; Mikaela von Bonsdorff; Taina Rantanen; Jorma Seitsamo; Juhani Ilmarinen; Clas-Håkan Nygård. Work-Related Biomechanical Exposure and Job Strain as Separate and Joint Predictors of Musculoskeletal Diseases: A 28-Year Prospective Follow-up Study. American Journal of Epidemiology 2017, 186, 1256 -1267.
AMA StyleKc Prakash, Subas Neupane, Päivi Leino-Arjas, Mikaela von Bonsdorff, Taina Rantanen, Jorma Seitsamo, Juhani Ilmarinen, Clas-Håkan Nygård. Work-Related Biomechanical Exposure and Job Strain as Separate and Joint Predictors of Musculoskeletal Diseases: A 28-Year Prospective Follow-up Study. American Journal of Epidemiology. 2017; 186 (11):1256-1267.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKc Prakash; Subas Neupane; Päivi Leino-Arjas; Mikaela von Bonsdorff; Taina Rantanen; Jorma Seitsamo; Juhani Ilmarinen; Clas-Håkan Nygård. 2017. "Work-Related Biomechanical Exposure and Job Strain as Separate and Joint Predictors of Musculoskeletal Diseases: A 28-Year Prospective Follow-up Study." American Journal of Epidemiology 186, no. 11: 1256-1267.
Clas-Håkan Nygård; Taina Rantanen. The need for methods to measure capacity and incapacity from working life to old age. Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2017, 74, 467 -467.
AMA StyleClas-Håkan Nygård, Taina Rantanen. The need for methods to measure capacity and incapacity from working life to old age. Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2017; 74 (7):467-467.
Chicago/Turabian StyleClas-Håkan Nygård; Taina Rantanen. 2017. "The need for methods to measure capacity and incapacity from working life to old age." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 74, no. 7: 467-467.
It has been suggested that engaging technology can empower individuals to be more proactive about their health and reduce their health risks. The aim of the present intervention was to study the effects of technology-aided testing and feedback on physical activity and biological age of employees in a middle-sized enterprise. In all, 121 employees (mean age 42 ± 10 years) participated in the 12-month three-arm cluster randomized trial. The fitness measurement process (Body Age) determined the participants’ biological age in years. Physical activity was measured with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form. Physical activity did not change during the intervention. Biological age (better fitness) improved in all groups statistically significantly (p < 0.001), but with no interaction effects. The mean changes (years) in the groups were −2.20 for the controls, –2.83 for the group receiving their biological age and feedback, and −2.31 for the group receiving their biological age, feedback, and a training computer. Technology-aided testing with feedback does not seem to change the amount of physical activity but may enhance physical fitness measured by biological age.
Mika Liukkonen; Clas-Håkan Nygård; Raija Laukkanen. A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial on the Effects of Technology-aided Testing and Feedback on Physical Activity and Biological Age Among Employees in a Medium-sized Enterprise. Safety and Health at Work 2017, 8, 393 -397.
AMA StyleMika Liukkonen, Clas-Håkan Nygård, Raija Laukkanen. A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial on the Effects of Technology-aided Testing and Feedback on Physical Activity and Biological Age Among Employees in a Medium-sized Enterprise. Safety and Health at Work. 2017; 8 (4):393-397.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMika Liukkonen; Clas-Håkan Nygård; Raija Laukkanen. 2017. "A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial on the Effects of Technology-aided Testing and Feedback on Physical Activity and Biological Age Among Employees in a Medium-sized Enterprise." Safety and Health at Work 8, no. 4: 393-397.
Effective risk management of work related multi-site pain must include identification and control of psychosocial and physical hazards.
Subas Neupane; Clas-Håkan Nygård; Jodi Oakman. Work-related determinants of multi-site musculoskeletal pain among employees in the health care sector. Work 2016, 54, 689 -697.
AMA StyleSubas Neupane, Clas-Håkan Nygård, Jodi Oakman. Work-related determinants of multi-site musculoskeletal pain among employees in the health care sector. Work. 2016; 54 (3):689-697.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSubas Neupane; Clas-Håkan Nygård; Jodi Oakman. 2016. "Work-related determinants of multi-site musculoskeletal pain among employees in the health care sector." Work 54, no. 3: 689-697.
Poor health is a potential risk factor for not finding employment among unemployed individuals. We investigated the associations between localized and multiple-site musculoskeletal pain and re-employment in a three-year follow-up of unemployed job seekers. Unemployed people (n = 539) from six localities in southern Finland who participated in various active labour market policy measures at baseline in 2002/2003 were recruited into a three-year health service intervention trial. A questionnaire was used to collect data on musculoskeletal health and background characteristics at baseline and on employment status at the end of the follow-up. We conducted a complete case (n = 284) and multiple imputation analyses using logistic regression to investigate the association between baseline musculoskeletal pain and re-employment after three years. Participants with severe pain in the lower back were less likely to become re-employed. This was independent of potential confounding variables. Pain in the hands/upper extremities, neck/shoulders, lower extremities, as well as multiple site were not determinants of re-employment. Our findings lend some support to the hypothesis that poor health can potentially cause health selection into employment. There is the need to disentangle health problems in order to clearly appreciate their putative impact on employment. This will allow for more targeted interventions for the unemployed.
Chioma A. Nwaru; Clas-Håkan Nygård; Pekka Virtanen. Musculoskeletal pain and re-employment among unemployed job seekers: a three-year follow-up study. BMC Public Health 2016, 16, 531 .
AMA StyleChioma A. Nwaru, Clas-Håkan Nygård, Pekka Virtanen. Musculoskeletal pain and re-employment among unemployed job seekers: a three-year follow-up study. BMC Public Health. 2016; 16 (1):531.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChioma A. Nwaru; Clas-Håkan Nygård; Pekka Virtanen. 2016. "Musculoskeletal pain and re-employment among unemployed job seekers: a three-year follow-up study." BMC Public Health 16, no. 1: 531.
This study assesses potential presenteeism costs and the association of these with a company's business figures.
Kimmo Vänni; Subas Neupane; Clas-Håkan Nygård. An effort to assess the relation between productivity loss costs and presenteeism at work. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics 2016, 23, 1 -30.
AMA StyleKimmo Vänni, Subas Neupane, Clas-Håkan Nygård. An effort to assess the relation between productivity loss costs and presenteeism at work. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics. 2016; 23 (1):1-30.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKimmo Vänni; Subas Neupane; Clas-Håkan Nygård. 2016. "An effort to assess the relation between productivity loss costs and presenteeism at work." International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics 23, no. 1: 1-30.
Background Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are a major workplace issue. With increasing pressure to extend working lives, predictors of MSD risk across all age groups require accurate identification to inform risk reduction strategies. Methods In 2005 and 2009, a survey was conducted in a Finnish food processing company (N = 734). Data on workplace physical and psychosocial hazards, work ability, job satisfaction and lifestyle-related variables were collected, and MSD risk was measured through assessment of work-related strain in four body areas. Predictors of MSD risk across three age groups (20–35, 36–49, 50+) were assessed with linear regression analysis. Results Physical hazards and MSD risk were related differently for each age group. The relationship between psychosocial hazards and MSD risk was less clear. For younger workers, physical hazards were not associated with MSD risk. In contrast, for those aged 36–49, repetitive movements (B = 1.76, p < 0.001) and awkward postures (B = 1.30, p = 0.02) were associated with increased MSD risk. For older workers, environmental hazards were positively associated with MSD risk (B = 0.37, p = 0.04). Predictors of MSD risk changed differently for each age group during 4 years of follow-up. For younger workers, change in environment and repetitive movements, for middle age team support and for older workers change in awkward posture were significant predictors of MSD risk. Conclusions These results support the need for workplace-specific hazard surveillance data. This will ensure that all contributing factors to MSD risk can be accurately identified and controlled independent of age.
Jodi Oakman; Subas Neupane; Clas-Håkan Nygård. Does age matter in predicting musculoskeletal disorder risk? An analysis of workplace predictors over 4 years. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 2016, 89, 1127 -1136.
AMA StyleJodi Oakman, Subas Neupane, Clas-Håkan Nygård. Does age matter in predicting musculoskeletal disorder risk? An analysis of workplace predictors over 4 years. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. 2016; 89 (7):1127-1136.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJodi Oakman; Subas Neupane; Clas-Håkan Nygård. 2016. "Does age matter in predicting musculoskeletal disorder risk? An analysis of workplace predictors over 4 years." International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 89, no. 7: 1127-1136.