SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Perineural invasion is a well-established adverse prognostic factor in several malignancies, yet its prognostic role in breast cancer remains controversial. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 400 breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy between 2012 and 2025 who had residual disease (non-pCR) at surgery. Clinicopathological variables, recurrence-free survival, and overall survival were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS: Perineural invasion was identified in 42.5% of the cohort and associated with larger tumor burden, lymphovascular invasion, and nodal metastasis (p<0.01). Perineural invasion-positive status correlated with significantly inferior median recurrence-free survival (100.5 vs. 120.4 months; HR 1.77, p=0.008) and overall survival (108.5 vs. 133.6 months; HR 3.11, p<0.001). Multivariate analysis confirmed perineural invasion as a robust independent predictor of shorter recurrence-free survival and overall survival. The adverse impact was evident across all molecular subtypes, particularly HR+/HER2- and HER2+ groups. CONCLUSION: Perineural invasion is a strong independent prognostic factor for recurrence-free survival and overall survival in breast cancer patients with residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Reporting perineural invasion status in routine pathology evaluations may aid in risk stratification for this high-risk population.

Objective: This study aimed to identify prognostic factors associated with recurrence in patients with stages I–III endometrial cancer who underwent surgical treatment. Methods: The data of all patients who were followed in our clinic 2010–2024 after surgery for endometrial cancer were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were classified into four groups—low, intermediate, high-intermediate, and high risk—according to the 2016 ESMO–ESGO–ESTRO consensus risk classification system. Results: A total of 200 patients were included in the study. The median follow-up duration for the cohort was 39 months (range: 7–180), and recurrence was observed in 26 patients (13%). The endometrioid subtype was present in 175 patients (87.5%). According to the ESMO–ESGO–ESTRO risk classification, 79 patients (39.5%) were in the low-risk group, while 49 patients (24.5%) were classified as high risk. Age over 65 years (P < 0.001), a high ECOG performance score (P < 0.001), non-endometrioid histology (P < 0.001), ≥50% myometrial invasion (P = 0.002), presence of lymphovascular space invasion (P < 0.001), high tumor grade (P < 0.001), abnormal p53 status (P = 0.002), increased tumor diameter (P < 0.001), and high ESMO–ESGO–ESTRO risk category (P < 0.001) were significantly associated with recurrence. In multivariate analysis, high ECOG performance score (P = 0.002) and high ESMO–ESGO–ESTRO risk group (P = 0.011) were identified as independent predictive factors. Conclusion: ECOG performance status is an accessible, low-cost clinical parameter that can be effectively integrated with the ESMO–ESGO–ESTRO risk classification to guide treatment decisions and identify high-risk patients for closer follow-up. In settings where molecular classification is not feasible, the 2016 risk stratification remains a reliable tool for therapeutic planning.

Background and Objectives: Perioperative fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and docetaxel (FLOT) is the standard of care for resectable gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma; however, up to 50% of patients develop metastatic recurrence. These patients have prior exposure to platinum and taxane agents, and optimal first-line treatment in the metastatic setting remains undefined. This study aimed to characterize real-world treatment patterns and outcomes in patients progressing after perioperative FLOT, focusing on relapse timing and HER2 status. Materials and Methods: This retrospective, multicenter cohort study included 296 patients from 31 centers across Türkiye, stratified into early relapse (≤6 months, n = 114) and late relapse (>6 months, n = 182) groups. Survival analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression. Primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Results: Median PFS and OS for the entire cohort were 6 and 9 months, respectively. Early relapsers had significantly shorter median PFS (4 vs. 6 months, p = 0.029) and OS (8 vs. 12 months, p = 0.047); however, early relapse timing did not retain independent prognostic significance on multivariable analysis. No significant difference in PFS or OS was observed between cytotoxic chemotherapy regimens in either relapse group. HER2 positivity was the only independent predictor of improved PFS on multivariable Cox analysis (HR 0.48, 95% CI 0.29–0.81; p = 0.006). In the late relapse group, trastuzumab-based chemotherapy achieved a median PFS of 14 months and OS of 18 months, significantly superior to all cytotoxic regimens (PFS p = 0.007; OS p = 0.029). Conclusions: In patients progressing after perioperative FLOT, cytotoxic chemotherapy regimen selection did not demonstrate a statistically significant survival difference in this retrospective cohort, regardless of relapse timing. HER2 positivity is the dominant predictive biomarker, and trastuzumab-based therapy suggests a potential survival benefit that warrants prospective validation. Comprehensive biomarker profiling at metastatic diagnosis and prospective trials designed for this post-FLOT population are needed to establish evidence-based treatment standards.

Endometrial kanser (EC), düşük ve orta gelirli ülkelerde serviks kanserinden sonra en sık görülen ikinci, yüksek gelirli ülkelerde ise en sık görülen jinekolojik kanserdir. Gelişen tedavi yöntemlerine rağmen, EC'ye bağlı mortalite önemli bir sorun olmaya devam etmektedir. Artan insidans ve uzun sağkalım süreleri, hastalık prevalansının hızla yükselmesine yol açmakta ve bu durum uzun süreli hasta takibini gerektirmektedir.Tedavi sonrası sürveyans, nüks endometrial kanserin erken tanısına olanak sağlaması nedeniyle kritik öneme sahiptir. Lokal nükslerin tedavi edilebilirliği göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, sağkalım oranlarını iyileştirmek için nükslerin izlenmesinde optimal zaman aralıklarının ve tanısal yöntemlerin belirlenmesi gereklidir. Endometrial karsinomlu hastaların takibi, öncelikli olarak semptom değerlendirmesi ve fizik muayene ile gerçekleştirilir. Nükslerin büyük bir kısmının ilk üç yıl içinde meydana gelmesi nedeniyle, bu dönemde izlem sıklığı artırılmaktadır.Asemptomatik hastalarda rutin radyolojik görüntüleme, serum CA-125 düzeylerinin takibi ve vajinal sitoloji kullanımı önerilmemektedir. Bununla birlikte, yaşam süresi uzayan EC hastalarının artışı, hasta yükünü ve ekonomik maliyeti artırmakta, bu nedenle takip sürelerinin ve uygulanacak tetkiklerin standartlaştırılması giderek daha fazla önem kazanmaktadır. Endometrial cancer (EC) is the second most common gynecologic cancer after cervical cancer in resource-limited countriesd and the most common gynecologic cancer in high-income countries. Despite advancements in treatment modalities, the associated mortality rate remains a significant concern. The rising incidence and extended survival rates have led to a rapid increase in disease prevalence, necessitating long-term patient monitoring.Post-treatment surveillance plays a critical role in the early detection of recurrent endometrial cancer. Given the potential treatability of local recurrences, determining the optimal time intervals and diagnostic methods for monitoring is essential to improving survival outcomes. Follow-up of patients with endometrial carcinoma is primarily conducted through symptom assessment and physical examination. Since the majority of recurrences occur within the first three years post-treatment, follow-up frequency is typically increased during this period.Routine radiological imaging, serum CA-125 level monitoring, and vaginal cytology are not recommended for asymptomatic patients. However, the growing number of EC patients with extended life expectancy has increased both patient burden and economic costs. Consequently, the standardisation of follow-up schedules and diagnostic tests is becoming increasingly important.

Purpose: The steroid receptor co-activator protein family members are transcriptional regulators that interact with steroid receptors, mainly estrogen receptors. We assessed the prognostic role of SRC-3, AIB1, in metastatic breast cancer patients treated with ribociclib and letrozole in combination therapy. Methods: Forty-two patients were included in this retrospective study. AIB1 level was determined by immunohistochemical methods. The AIB1 expression score was calculated as the sum of a proportion score and an intensity score, representing the estimated proportion of stained cell nuclei. Results: The median PFS (mPFS) of all patients was 22.4 months. Univariate cox regression analysis was performed to identify prognostic factors. Low AIB1 expression score (HR = 0.33, 95% CI 0.12–0.96, p = 0.042), low ER level (HR = 0.97, 95% CI 0.95–0.99, p = 0.001) and presence of liver metastasis (HR = 5.30, 95% CI 2.14–13.13, p < 0.001) were found to be poor prognostic factors. A statistically significant correlation was found between AIB1 expression score and prior chemotherapy, prior hormonotherapy, presence of bone metastasis, liver metastasis and PgR level (p = 0.08, p = 0.018, p = 0.041, p = 0.040, and p = 0.007, respectively). Conclusions: We believe that the AIB1 score, which was investigated for the first time in this study and whose prognostic features have been presented, may be a guide in identifying high-risk patients requiring close follow-up in patients receiving the combination of ribociclib and letrozole and in investigating further targeted therapies.