Background: Obesity remains a major global health challenge, and a significant proportion of bariatric surgery patients continue to experience dysfunctional emotional eating and body image concerns after surgery. Neurofeedback training (NFT) has been investigated as a potential intervention for maladaptive eating behaviours, but evidence in post-bariatric populations is still limited. Methods: Thirty-six patients who underwent sleeve gastrectomy were included, divided into an NFT group (N = 18) and a control group (N = 18). Assessments were performed at baseline and after 10 NFT sessions, using the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) and the Body Uneasiness Test (BUT). The intervention aimed to enhance alpha and theta waves with real-time feedback. Results: Compared with the control group, the NFT group showed significant improvements; specifically, reductions were observed in EDI subscales such as Drive for Thinness (p = 0.023, d = 0.51), Bulimia (p = 0.008, d = 0.92), Body Dissatisfaction (p = 0.015, d = 0.52), Ineffectiveness (p = 0.002, d = 0.89), Perfectionism (p = 0.006, d = 0.70), Interpersonal Distrust (p = 0.008, d = 0.82), and Interoceptive Awareness (p = 0.001, d = 0.91). Significant reductions were also found in BUT subscales including Weight Phobia (p = 0.041, d = 0.84), Body Image Concern (p = 0.039, d = 0.90), Avoidance (p = 0.027, d = 0.83), Compulsive Self-Monitoring (p = 0.013, d = 0.83), and Depersonalisation (p = 0.033, d = 0.85). Conclusions: The data indicate that NFT may help reduce emotional eating and related psychological factors in post-bariatric patients in the short term. However, studies with larger samples and longer follow-ups are needed to confirm its effectiveness and assess its clinical applicability.

Background and Objectives: Eco-anxiety is a growing psychological response to climate change, but individual vulnerability factors remain poorly understood. Affective temperaments may contribute to differences in eco-anxiety. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional online study involved 209 Italian adults recruited between May and December 2024. Participants completed the Hogg Eco-Anxiety Scale and the short version TEMPS-A. Gender differences were assessed using independent-sample t-tests, and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to examine the associations between affective temperaments and eco-anxiety dimensions. Results: Regression models explained 16–22% of variance. Anxious temperament was the most consistent correlate, associating with affective symptoms, rumination, behavioural symptoms, and personal-impact anxiety. Cyclothymic temperament was associated with behavioural symptoms and personal-impact anxiety, but not rumination after correction for multiple testing. Other temperaments showed no significant associations. Females reported higher anxious temperament and personal-impact anxiety. After adjustment for age and gender, associations with personal-impact anxiety did not survive correction for multiple testing. Conclusions: Findings suggest that individual differences in eco-anxiety are associated with affective temperament, although the cross-sectional design and partial overlap between measures call for caution. Considering temperament may improve understanding of psychological responses to climate change and inform future preventive and support strategies.