The present study assesses the extent of perpetration of physical violence in predominately Hispanic high school students in the Rio Grande Valley, Texas. The relationship between adverse childhood experiences, exposure to interparental violence, attachment, emotion regulation, and impulsivity on two distinct, mutually exclusive, categories of severity of physical teen dating violence (TDV) perpetration is further explored. Participants completed self-report measures as part of a larger, anonymous web-based questionnaire. Two categories (i.e., minor/moderate and severe) were created to discern the contextual variables associated with different levels of severity of physical violence perpetration by males and females. Eight-hundred and twenty-nine 14- to 18-year-old adolescents from four different high schools participated in the study, of whom 407 reported having been in a dating relationship in the last 12 months. The results demonstrate that when only the most severe item of TDV is taken into consideration, the rates of violence perpetration by males and females are almost equal and remarkably lower than those reported in the literature. However, when the assessment includes minor/moderate levels of violence, such as pushing, the rates of violence perpetration by females are twice those of males and are consistent with those reported in the literature. Furthermore, different variables are associated with different levels of severity of violence perpetration. The results support approaches that emphasize the need to take the context of the violence into consideration, since all levels are not equal. The need to take the severity of violence into account in studies assessing dating violence is highlighted.

This paper examined whether risk factors commonly associated with intimate partner violence (IPV) are associated with female-perpetrated physical IPV and female physical IPV victimization among young Hispanic women. It also examined how emotion dysregulation, impulsivity, and attachment style exacerbated these relationships. Furthermore, it investigates how these associations differ by the type of self-reported physical violence against their romantic partner. Based on the participants′ self-reported physical violence, they were classified into one of four groups: nonviolent, victim-only, perpetrator-only, and bidirectionally violent. Bidirectional violence was by far the most common form of violence reported. Utilizing self-report data from 360 young Hispanic women, we used binary logistic regression to examine potential predictors of physical IPV perpetration and victimization for each group. Results demonstrated that women in the bidirectionally violent group reported the highest levels of perpetration and victimization. Parental violence victimization, witnessing interparental violence, insecure attachment styles, and emotional dysregulation predicted physical IPV perpetration and victimization. These findings emphasize the need for effective interventions that include both members of the dyad and acknowledge the impact of women′s attachment style, emotion dysregulation, and adverse childhood experiences on female-perpetrated IPV and female IPV victimization.

Purpose: Awake craniotomy (AC) is the treatment of choice for the resection of brain tumors within eloquent brain regions for adults, but not much is known about its psychological impact on children and adolescents. Patient immaturity and difficulty in cooperating during surgery could result in psychological sequelae postoperatively, such as anxiety, panic, and worry. Methods: In this review, we examined eight studies assessing AC performed on patients under 18 years of age (N = 85), noting exclusion criteria, interventions used, and psychological assessments implemented. Results: Initial assessments of cognitive functioning and maturity were conducted primarily to determine patient eligibility for AC instead of an age restriction. No standardized interventions were used to minimize anxiety associated with AC. Interventions ranged from almost nothing specified to exposure to videos of the operating room, hypnosis, repeated meetings with psychologists and speech therapists, extensive meetings with the surgery team, and thorough exposure to the operating room theater. With a few exceptions, there were no standardized pre- and post-AC assessments of psychological sequelae. Qualitative evaluations indicated that most children and adolescents tolerated AC well, but one study indicated detrimental effects on school attendance postoperatively. Conclusion: Given that most AC teams have a psychologist, it seems desirable to have pre- and post-AC psychological assessments using standardized measures of anxiety, trauma, and worry, as well as measures tailored to AC, such as time to return to school, worry about MRIs following surgery, and self-assessment of post-surgery functioning. In short, comprehensive psychological assessment of AC patients is clearly needed.

Divorce can be detrimental to the psychological (Amato [2000],Journal of Marriage and Family,62(4), 1269–1287; [2010],Journal of Marriage and Family,72(3), 650–666) and physical health of many but not all (Sbarra & Coan [2017],Current Opinion in Psychology,13, 91–95). This review of 21 longitudinal studies is divided into two parts: individuals followed postdivorce/separation where there was no intimate partner violence (IPV) and where there was IPV. Given the past reviews of individuals followed postdivorce where IPV was not reported, this review focuses on individuals where there was IPV but also provides an update on the former results. Measures evaluating the impact of divorce or separation were dependent upon measures in the longitudinal studies, including evaluations of well-being, depression, and anxiety. When there was no IPV, variability in postdivorce well-being differed according to prior marital quality, with individuals in low-quality marriages experiencing relief postseparation/divorce. Lower income levels were associated with poorer well-being following divorce. For physically abused women, separation is often associated with continued abuse, but on average, the well-being of abused women increases across time, as abuse often declines. However, the worse the abuse prior to separation, the more likely the abuse continues, and in extreme cases, separation results in the homicide of abused individuals. Since IPV and intimate partner homicide are perpetrated disproportionately by Black men, there is a clear need for longitudinal research on intimate relationships with populations of color. A model predicting the mental health of individuals in preseparation IPV relationships is presented, which includes internalizing characteristics of the victim, preseparation abuse, contact with ex-partner, support variables, and beliefs in accord with separation being the right thing.