The aim of this review is to define childhood vasculitis and to highlight new causative factors and treatment modalities under the guidance of recently published studies. Childhood vasculitis is difficult to diagnose because of the wide variation in the symptoms and signs. New nomenclature and classification criteria were proposed for the diagnosis of pediatric vasculitis. Recently, progress has been made toward understanding the genetic susceptibility to pediatric vasculitis as it was in other diseases. Various radiological techniques provide great opportunities in establishing the diagnosis of pediatric vasculitis. Mild central nervous system disease can accompany Henoch-Schonlein purpura and can go unnoticed. Antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis is rare in children. Increased severity of the disease, subglottic stenosis, and renal disease are described more frequently among children. Biological therapies are used with success in children as in adults. Future studies, whose aims are to evaluate treatment responses, prognosis and to design guidelines for activity, and damage index of vasculitis for children are required. Henoch-Schonlein purpura and Kawasaki disease are the most frequent vasculitides of children. Experience from adult studies for treatment and prognosis are usually used because of low incidence of other vasculitides in children. Multicenter studies of pediatric vasculitis should be conducted to detail treatment responses and prognosis in children.

Objective: Considering the concerns regarding the coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) vaccine safety among pediatric patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRD) due to a lack of data, an urgent need for studies evaluating safety profiles of vaccines emerged.Methods: Among participants vaccinated by CoronaVac inactive SARS‐CoV‐2 or BNT162b2 messenger RNA (mRNA) COVID‐19 (Pfizer‐BioNTech) vaccine, healthy children under 18 and patients under 21 with an at least 1‐year follow‐up period in our department for a childhood‐onset rheumatic disease were included into this cross‐sectional study.Results: Overall, 246 subjects (141 [57.3%] females) (biologic group: 43, non‐biologic group: 180, healthy control group: 23) were eligible for the study. The median age was 15.34 (12.02‐20.92) years. The most common adverse events were fatigue (n = 68, 27.6%), headache (n = 44, 17.9%), myalgia (n = 38, 15.4%), arthralgia (n = 38, 15.4%), and fever (n = 35, 14.2%). Only 3 subjects (2 patients with familial Mediterranean fever, and one healthy child) were considered to experienced serious adverse events, since they required hospitalization. Local reactions were seen in 20 (8.13%), and 27 patients (12.1%) had disease flares within 1 month after the vaccines. Although it was significantly higher in those who received the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine (P < .001), there was no significant relationship between adverse event frequency and age, gender, the existing diseases, ongoing treatment regimens and pre‐vaccination COVID‐19 histories.Conclusion: Although immunogenicity studies for efficacy of the vaccines and long‐term follow‐up studies for adverse events monitoring are required, our study indicates an acceptable safety profile of COVID‐19 vaccines and encourages children with IRD to be vaccinated.