Background: Monofrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) protocols seek to further quantify changes in lymphedema compared with traditional circumferential evaluations. Complex decongestive therapy (CDT) is an effective method of reducing unilateral upper limb lymphedema secondary to breast cancer treatments. Comparing lymphedema measurements between segmental tetrapolar BIA, total body BIA, and circumferential measurements during therapeutic changes can improve our quantitative assessment ability for this prevalent medical complication. Methods and Results: Twenty-two patients with breast-cancer-related unilateral upper limb lymphedema participated in this prospective observational study. Circumferential measurements, segmental tetrapolar BIA, and total body BIA were obtained and compared before CDT, immediately after 10 sessions of CDT, and 30 days post-CDT to assess lymphedema. The segmental tetrapolar BIA correlated well with improvements in circumferential measurements of the limb. We found that the resistance value cutoff point of 237 Ω could indicate a recurrence of lymphedema. Conclusions: Segmental, tetrapolar monofrequency BIA provides a simple method to monitor and evaluate the efficacy of therapy in the outpatient setting by operators with minimal training. This protocol could aid quantitative evaluations of unilateral upper limb lymphedema.

Background/Objectives: The approach to physical activity in people with hemophilia (PwH) is still conditioned by many difficulties. Thus, a prospective observational pilot study has been carried out aiming to evaluate how an adequate and controlled training program can slow down the onset or evolution of arthropathy and improve musculoskeletal health and quality of life. Methods: Performed from April 2022 to April 2023, this study involved nine severe hemophilic A and B patients, aged > 18 years old, on regular prophylaxis with replacement products. Participants, without changing the usual prophylaxis schedule and maintaining a trough level of at least 20% FVIII/FIX before training, were involved in physical activity twice a week. Results: After 12 months, no increase in annual bleeding ratio (ABR) was observed, and baseline joint status (as assessable by HEAD US score, HJHS, and NRS) was maintained. Even if not statistically significant, a trend toward improvement in mean HEAD US score (15.55 vs. 13.11) and HJHS (14.4 vs. 11) from baseline was observed. Some of the physical tests performed showed a significant improvement at 6 months and 12 months from baseline (5 Rep Sit to Stand, Sit and Reach, and 6-minute Walking Test), meaning an improvement in leg strength, dorsal flexibility, and aerobic resistance. Conclusions: This is the first pilot study evaluating at 360 degrees the safety and impact of a controlled physical activity in PwH. No participant experienced bleedings or a worsening in joint status, but they experienced an improvement in articular functionality. Without changing the usual prophylaxis, scheduling training sessions according to individual pharmacokinetics turned out to be a safe and a cost-effective approach.