Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is the virus responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), which manifests as a flu‐like respiratory infection affecting multiple organ systems, including the gastrointestinal system, central nervous system, cardiovascular system, skin, and mucosa. In this review, we investigated the literature on specific manifestations of COVID‐19 in the oral mucosa. An online literature search in PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Medline was conducted to retrieve relevant studies on confirmed COVID‐19 patients with oral mucosa findings published between December 31, 2019, and April 07, 2021. After an independent review by two authors, 39 articles considering 59 laboratory‐confirmed cases of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection were included in the final analysis. The most common finding, reported in 29 patients (43.9%), was Kawasaki‐like syndrome. In addition, oral ulcers including aphthous, hemorrhagic, and necrotic ulcers were reported in 24 patients (36.3%). Other lesions reported included pustules, macules, bullae, maculopapular enanthema, and erythema multiforme‐like lesions. Concomitant skin lesions were present in 60.6% of patients. Fever was reported in 86.2% of patients. Forty‐eight patients (76.1%) were hospitalized. Loss of taste and smell was present in 30.8% of the patients. A comprehensive understanding of the dermatologic manifestations of COVID‐19 can improve and facilitate patient management and referrals.

Introduction: Although adalimumab is the only approved biologic for the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), the treatment response may not be satisfactory in all patients. Recently, many other biological agents, including interleukin 17 inhibitors such as ixekizumab, have shown promise. Case Presentations: Five severe HS (Hurley stage III) patients resistant to conventional treatments and adalimumab for at least 3 months were recruited. Patients were prescribed ixekizumab with a scheme approved for psoriasis (160 mg once, followed by 80 mg at weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12.) The primary outcome measure was achieving the Hidradenitis Suppurativa Clinical Response (HiSCR) score following 12 weeks. Secondary outcome measures included the patient-reported Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and visual analog scale (VAS). Four of 5 patients (80%) achieved HiSCR. While improvement was observed in the VAS and DLQI scores of 4 patients, the decline was limited in 1 patient. No adverse event was recorded related to ixekizumab. Conclusion: The result of our observation suggests that ixekizumab may be effective for HS, especially in challenging cases.

Background: Acne vulgaris, a common dermatological condition, has physical manifestations and significant emotional and social implications for those affected. This study aims to assess the stigma experienced by acne vulgaris patients and identify relevant physical, social, and psychological factors. Methods: The research involved individuals aged 12–45 diagnosed with acne vulgaris. The authors recorded each patient's demographic information, global acne severity, and acne scar severity. Additionally, each patient completed the Dermatologic Life Quality Index, Beck Depression Inventory, Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale, and 6‐item stigmatization scale. Using the scale scores, the authors categorized the severity into subgroups and compared the results within these subgroups. Results: The severity of acne was positively correlated with DLQI scores ( r = 0.196, p = 0.004) and stigmatization scores ( r = 0.156, p = 0.024). Higher stigmatization scores were associated with increased levels of depression ( r = 0.461, p < 0.001) and anxiety ( r = 0.336, p < 0.001), as well as a significant impact on quality of life ( r = 0.472, p < 0.001). Upon stratification of patients into three age groups (adolescence, late adolescence, and adulthood), the comparisons between these groups did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: The results of the current study reveal a clear connection between the severity of acne and psychosocial disturbances, irrespective of age. The authors advise incorporating psychosocial screening, especially for severe acne vulgaris patients of all ages.

Background: The vulnerable brain regions to isotretinoin are represented as hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, involved in mood regulation as well as coordination of cognitive functions. Adolescence is a critical period with dynamic alterations in neurocognition. Isotretinoin brought concerns about its possible effects on executive functions, attention and memory. Objective: Evaluate the impacts of isotretinoin on neurocognitive functions in adolescents with acne vulgaris and determine the emergence of psychiatric side effects. Materials and Methods: Fifty-five adolescent acne vulgaris patients were assigned to either isotretinoin (n = 38) or systemic antibiotic (n = 17) groups. The neuropsychological test battery and psychometric tests were performed before treatment and during treatment with 3-months intervals. Results: Stroop-TBAG form, verbal-auditory digit span, controlled oral word association test and trail making test results improved in the isotretinoin treatment group along with stable scores in the antibiotic group. Children Depression Scale scores of the isotretinoin group showed an increase at 6^th month compared to baseline. None of the patients was evaluated as depressive by the psychiatric examination. Conclusions: In a vulnerable age group, our results demonstrate an improvement for neurocognitive functions in isotretinoin patients. The conflicting results suggest distinct mechanisms to be responsible for the effects on affective and cognitive functions.