The skin is the body's primary immune barrier, defending it against pathogenic invasion. Skin injuries impose a significant physiological burden on patients, making effective wound management essential. Dressings are commonly employed in wound care, and electrospun nanofiber dressings are a research hotspot owing to their ease of fabrication, cost-effectiveness, and structural similarity to the extracellular matrix. Coaxial electrospinning offers considerable advantages in drug delivery, fiber structure transformation, and enhanced interaction with the host. These attributes make coaxial electrospun materials promising candidates for precision and personalized wound dressings in medical treatments. This review provides a comprehensive overview of wound healing and its influencing factors. It also outlines coaxial electrospinning's production principles and benefits in wound dressings. Guided by the factors affecting wound healing, coaxial electrospun nanofiber dressings have different application modalities. Furthermore, we discuss the current limitations and future directions for enhancing the current coaxial electrospun dressing technologies.

Human tissues and organs exhibit limited regenerative capacity; thus, tissue engineering (TE) and regenerative medicine aim to repair damaged tissues and r

Background: Varicose veins (VV) is a common chronic venous disease that is influenced by multiple factors. It affects the quality of life of patients and imposes a huge economic burden on the healthcare system. This study aimed to use integrated analysis methods, including Mendelian randomization analysis, to identify potential pathogenic genes and drug targets for VV treatment. Methods: This study conducted summary-data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) analysis and colocalization analysis on data collected from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) and cis-expression quantitative trait loci (cis-eQTL) databases. Only genes with PP. H4 > 0.7 were chosen from the significant SMR results. After the above analysis, we screened 12 genes and performed Mendelian Randomization analysis on them. After sensitivity analysis, we identified four genes with potential causal relationships with VV. Finally, we used transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) analysis and The Drug-Gene Interaction Database (DGIdb, https://dgidb.org )data to identify and screen the remaining genes and identified four drug targets for the treatment of VV. Results: We identified four genes significantly associated with VV, namely KRTAP5-AS1 (OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.05−1.11, p = 1.42e−10) and PLEKHA5 (OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.06-1.20, p = 6.90e−5), CBWD1 (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.01-1.11, p = 1.42e−2) and CRIM1 (OR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.81-0.95, p = 3.67e−3). Increased expression of three genes, namely KRTAP5-AS1 , PLEKHA5 , and CBWD1 , was associated with increased risk of the disease, and increased expression of CRIM1 was associated with decreased risk of the disease. These four genes could be targeted for VV therapy. Conclusion: This study identified four drug targets for potential treatment of VV, and the results may contribute to improving the quality of life of VV patients.