This narrative review examines the application of personalized nutrition (PN) through multi-OMICS and trans-OMICS in pediatric populations, particularly in relation to chronic conditions such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and celiac disease. We synthesize evidence to identify biomarkers and gene–environment interactions and translate molecular insights into individualized dietary guidance. Even though PN represents a promising strategy for optimizing child health, significant challenges remain in translating molecular findings into practical, cost-effective, and equitable interventions. We advocate integrating this knowledge into clinical practice and developing policies and standardized methodologies that ensure accessibility for all pediatric populations.

In the modern era, health is a key element in shaping the trajectory of human civilization. The personalized and precision medicine model is a preventive strategy capable of operating across a wide range of technological applications, from biomarker-driven genomic profiling to determine the characteristics of an individual’s genomic landscape, to combinatorial assessments of the individual’s interaction with the microenvironment for constructing the individual phenotype. Omics technologies demonstrate their multidisciplinary potential in pre-clinical screening, predictive and prognostic diagnosis, multidimensional monitoring, and targeted therapy, through the prism of preventive and curative rehabilitation strategies concerning a particular individual, as well as the principles and resources of genomic biostatistics and molecular epidemiology at the population and national levels. Therefore, this article aims to highlight the omics approach to nutritional assessment and dietary recommendations from the individual to the population level.