Recent advancements in the development of endophytic microorganisms-based stimulants have shown promising potential in various fields. Research on the identification of these endophytic microorganisms has been well reported, however, there are limited studies of these endophytes isolated from plants in arid regions. Thus, isolation and identification of promising microbial endophytes from xerophytic plants is essential in technology development for sustainable agriculture in arid regions. This study aims to identify the endophytic bacteria isolated from Kochia prostrata (L.) Schrad. and Ceratoides eversmanniana (Stschegl. ex I.G.Borshch.) Botsch. & Ikonn. in vertical zones of arid regions of Uzbekistan, and examine their potential plant growth-promoting properties. Using Luria-Bertani (LB) medium, 70 distinct bacterial colony were isolated from the different segments of K. prostrata and C. eversmanniana. These isotypes were screened using NaCl-supplemented LB medium in which nine promising bacterial isolates showed tolerance to 15% NaCl. The nine promising halophytes were subjected to molecular identification using specific primers. The isolates from K. prostrata are identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus pumilus, Priestia aryabhattai, Pseudomonas putida, and Priestia endophytica. On the other hand, Priestia megaterium, Pseudomonas putida, Bacillus subtilis and Brevibacillus parabrevis were isolated from C. eversmanniana. The identified isolates also showed significant plant growth-promoting properties (N2-fixation, IAA production, phosphates solubilization, ACC deaminase production, siderophores production) and shows ability to inhibit pathogenic fungal growth. Based on the result, the identified bacterial endophytes can be processed as growth-stimulants and biological control of fungal pathogens in crops in arid regions.

Halocnemum strobilaceum (Pall.) M. Bieb. is a halophytic desert plant. This plant population is widespread in areas of high salinity of the world, including a Dry Salt Lake of the Central Kyzylkum. Analyzing the environment of the plant root system and the inorganic and organic composition of the soil of dried salt marshes using modern methods is of great importance in explaining the mechanisms of rapid growth and development of H. strobilaceum in areas affected by the stress factor. In the researches, with the help of IR spectroscopic and agrochemical methods, the amount of inorganic salts and organic substances in the soil around the root system of the H. strobilaceum plant was shown to be closer to the standard indicators than the amount of these substances in the soil of dry saline areas. The obtained results serve to explain the importance of H. strobilaceum and similar dominant species in the formation of plant populations in arid and saline areas.

Onobrychis chorasanica Bunge ex Bois. (Sainfoin) is a valuable pasture plant that is resistant to drought, produces high biomass and is not inferior to alfalfa in terms of nutrient content. It is urgent to research the possibilities of cultivation of this plant for the purpose of growing hay in hilly conditions. The presence of nitrogen-fixing Rhizobium bacteria in the roots of plants is important in increasing the fertility of desert soils and this feature increases its role in the creation of artificial grasslands in hilly conditions. In the experiments, it was shown that it is possible to reach 100 % germination by mechanical scarification of the seeds isolated from O. chorasanica pods using sandpaper. Germination of unscarred seeds in field conditions depends on the year and the depth of planting them in the soil. In a dry year, the highest fertility was observed to be 13.3-15.0 % in the options where the seeds were buried at a depth of 3-4 cm, and in years with abundant rainfall, this indicator was 35.3 % in the option where the seeds were buried at a depth of 3 cm. The viability of lawns in the 2nd year of life was 72-95 % in different options. Hay productivity of O. chorasanica was found to be 41 centners per ha in hilly conditions and seed yield was up to 250 kg. The results obtained in the research are promising for the intensification of feed production of O. chorasanica in local conditions. The obtained results serve to increase the biomass yield of pasture plants and the variety of used feeds in farms specializing in animal husbandry.

In recent years, drought has become one of the most widespread global problems as a result of drastic climate change all over the world. In order to increase the efficiency of cultivation of agricultural crops under the conditions of drought, research was conducted aimed at determining the diversity of endophytic microorganisms of xerophytic and halophytic plants grown under the influence of this stress factor and evaluating their characteristics and potential is of great importance. This article describes the results of the research aimed at isolating, identifying and evaluating some properties of endophytic bacteria from Peganum harmala L., which is widespread in arid regions of Uzbekistan. These data are being published for the first time in terms of area and vegetation. The results of studying P. harmala endophytic bacteria diversity, species composition, resistance to pathogenic fungi confirm that this plant is a potential source of promising endophytic bacteria. In the experiments, 24 promising isotypes of endophytic bacteria were isolated from P. harmala, which were the research objects. Five strains were selected by evaluating the colonization potential of the isolated isolates under drought conditions and resistance of the selected strains to pathogenic fungi was evaluated. These promising strains were identified using molecular genetic methods.

Vermicomposting in comparison to conventional composting has several advantages, such as faster treatment of organic waste and production of manure compost with lower levels of salinity. Therefore, the determination of optimal mixtures of organic waste and manure for vermicomposting and...

In the following years, introduction (in situ) of rare and promising medicinal plants, determination of morphological and ecological adaptability to selected soil and climate conditions, and obtaining pathogen-free seedlings through microclonal (in vitro) reproduction in areas affected by environmental stress factors creation of plantations are gaining importance. This research aimed at choosing the optimal conditions for obtaining pathogen-free seedlings of Lagochilus inebrians in vitro and acclimatization in arid conditions. The optimal amounts of added phytohormones were chosen to increase the efficiency of the nutrient media used in the microconal propagation of L. inebrians, based on the possibility of acclimatization in arid conditions. The obtained results serve to multiply L. inebrians in vitro and create plantations in arid regions based on the obtained seedlings.