Primary aim was to investigate the association between laboratory measures of balance and clinical balance tests in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). The secondary aim was to compare the balance performances according to postural instability and gait disorders (PIGD). Sixty-four individuals with PD were included in the study. Clinical data were investigated using modified Hoehn and Yahr Scale and Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up&Go Test (TUG), Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test (FTSST) were used for clinical measures of balance. Laboratory measures of balance were evaluated by Balance Master System including the modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction of Balance (mCTSIB), Limits of Stability Test (LOS), Sit to Stand Test (STS), and Tandem Walk Test (TW). The relationship between clinical and laboratory measures of balance was determined. After participants were divided into two groups based on UPDRS: patients with and without PIGD, their balance performance was compared. There were significant correlations between BBS and mCTSIB, LOS-Movement Velocity, and LOS-Endpoint Excursion. FTSST was correlated with STS-Weight Transfer and STS-Rising Index, and TUG was correlated with TW-Speed. Patients with PIGD had worse scores of balance assessments including FTSST, LOS-Movement Velocity, STS-Rising Index. Laboratory measures are associated with clinical balance tests and they may reflect clinical balance outcome measures. Furthermore, PIGD may negatively affect balance performance in patients with PD.

Amaç: Bel ağrısı klinikte en sık karşılaşılan ve yaşam kalitesini olumsuz etkileyen muskuloskeletal bir problemdir. Kinezyofobi varlığı bel ağrısı tedavisini olumsuz yöne etkileyebilir ve kişinin özür oranını arttırabilir. Çalışmamızda bel ağrısı olan kişilerde ağrı, yaşam kalitesi ve kinezyofobi arasındaki ilişkiyi karşılaştırmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Atatürk Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Fizik Tedavi ve Rehabilitasyon Kliniğine başvuran 80 bel ağrılı hasta (Yaş ortalamaları 45.29±14.97 yıl) dâhil edildi. Ağrı “Görsel Anolog Skalası (GAS) ile, Kinezyofobi “Tampa Kinezyofobi Ölçeği (TKÖ)” ile ve SF-36 Yasam Kalitesi Anketi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: İstirahat GAS değeri ortalaması 3.10± 2.75, aktivite GAS değeri ortalaması 6.66± 2.38 olup ortalama kinezyofobi skoru 43.15± 6.16, ortalama SF-36 fiziksel komponent skoru 56.25± 24.42 ve ortalama SF-36 mental komponent skoru 62.95±20.56 puandır. Bireylerin kinezyofobi değerleri ile yaşları (r=0.237/p=0.034), istirahat ve aktivite sırasındaki GAS değerleri (r=0.242/p=0.032 - r=0.293/p=0.008), eğitim durumları (r=-0.279/p=0.002), yaşam kalitesinin fiziksel (r=-0.236/p=0.035) ve mental komponenet (r=-0.323/p=0.003) parametreleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Bel ağrılı hastalarda kinezyofobi yaş, istirahat ve aktivite ağrısıyla ile pozitif yönde zayıf bir ilişki gösterirken, eğitim durumu, yaşam kalitesinin fiziksel ve mental komponentleri ile negatif yönde zayıf bir ilişki göstermiştir.

Background/Objectives: We investigated whether cervical sensitive nerves (CSN) provide motor input to the trapezius muscle and how this relates to short-term functional outcomes after neck dissection. Methods: A total of 22 neck dissections were performed in 17 patients; the SAN was preserved. CSN roots (C2–C4) were stimulated intraoperatively using IONM. Shoulder and neck function were evaluated preoperatively and at 3 months in 15 operated necks using goniometry, an IMU-based motion analysis system (iSen), trapezius isometric strength, the Modified Constant–Murley Score (MCMS), and the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI). Results: CSN-evoked trapezius responses were detected in 10/22 (45.5%) dissections (C2: 6/22, 27.2%; C3: 4/22, 18.2%; C4: 0/22). Postoperatively, neck extension/rotation and shoulder abduction/external rotation decreased significantly within groups; upper and middle trapezius strength and MCMS also declined. Shoulder flexion loss was smaller when CSN motor participation was present. Median shoulder flexion (goniometry) changed from 162°→140° in CSN(+) vs. 170°→131° in CSN(−) (between-group p = 0.024). With iSen, shoulder flexion changed 120°→116° in CSN(+) vs. 122°→97° in CSN(−) (p = 0.033). Conclusions: Approximately half of the neck dissections exhibited CSN-related motor responses. Short-term shoulder flexion was better preserved when CSN motor participation was present, suggesting that documenting CSN motor input intraoperatively may inform early rehabilitation planning.

Objective: Work-related musculoskeletal problems, particularly myofascial pain, are common among teachers, with prevalence rates ranging from 39% to 95%. This study aims to examine the relationship between leisure time physical activity and musculoskeletal pain in primary school teachers, taking into account the confounding effects of workload during working hours and sedentary behavior. Material and Methods: The study included 38 primary school teachers with a mean age of 43.58±9.12 years. Sociodemographic data (age, gender, weight, height, experience, standing hours, daily TV and phone use) were recorded; sedentary behavior was calculated by summing TV and phone use, workload by multiplying working days and daily hours. Pain was assessed with the modified Numeric Rating Scale, and physical activity with the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire. Results: Pain intensity showed a weak correlation with total leisure-time physical activity (rho:-0.337, p:0.039) and vigorous activity (rho:-0.341, p:0.036); after adjusting for workload and sedentary behavior, these correlations slightly strengthened (total activity rho:-0.377, p:0.024; vigorous activity rho:-0.360, p:0.031). Similarly, pain-related distress also showed a weak correlation with total (rho:-0.352, p:0.035) and vigorous physical activity (rho:-0.360, p:0.031) after adjustment. Conclusion: The study demonstrated a relationship between physical activity levels and pain perception in primary school teachers. Physical activity is thought to have a potential protective role against pain. The current study supports the need for interventions aimed at reducing pain in sedentary professions, including primary school teachers.