The Antarctic region holds significant scientific research value and potential resources. Currently, limited research exists on the use of seismic exploration methods for Antarctic subglacial lakes compared to their use on other continents. Moreover, few reports are available on systems capable of multi-channel seismic data acquisition, remote data quality monitoring, and high-speed real-time data recycling in the extremely low temperatures of Antarctica. In this study, we developed a Zynq-based seismic acquisition station for polar exploration. The system features a compact design, lightweight construction, high data collection accuracy, excellent cold resistance, low power consumption, and real-time control. The software and hardware design of the system are described here, and validity testing is presented. The main controller utilizes a Zynq series system-on-chip integrated with an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) and an ARM (Advanced RISC Machine), enabling functions such as local data storage on a secure digital card, Wi-Fi wireless human–machine interaction, and high-speed Ethernet data transmission. Furthermore, to enhance data acquisition accuracy under low-temperature conditions, a neural network was employed for the temperature drift correction of the analog-to-digital converter chip. The validity test results showed that the station operated stably, was easy to use, and met the high-standard requirements for polar exploration.

This article proposes a modular and passive all-metal lens to achieve near-field focusing with adjustable focus. The proposed lens consists of all-metal units with the phase coverage range exceeding 360°, and the arrangement of units is guided by the phase compensation method. Specifically, using the strategy of module unit synthesis, the arrangement of lens units under different focuses can be assembled arbitrarily, which reduces the production costs by 39.3% and improves the freedom of lens design. The simulation and experimental results show that the lens exhibits excellent focusing properties and freely changes the position of the expected focus (0.30 m–0.75 m). Therefore, the modular all-metal lens designed in this article has the characteristics of high transparency and a high degree of freedom, which can provide low-cost and lightweight solutions for various applications in the field of antennas, such as near-field target detection, microwave imaging, biomedicine, and so on.

This study presents a novel beam-scanning ground-penetrating radar (BS-GPR) system based on a wide-angle beam-scanning antenna array, aimed at extending the lateral detection range and improving the imaging fidelity without increasing the size of the transceiver antennas. The BS-GPR comprises a signal transceiver, a wide-angle beam-scanning antenna array for transmission and a bowtie antenna for reception. Unlike conventional commercial ground-penetrating radar (GPR), the transmitting signal of the wide-angle beam-scanning antenna array designed in this study can cover a fan-shaped region of ±90°, enabling the detection of abnormal targets outside the rectangular region directly below it. In field tests on air and sand, the BS-GPR proposed in this study can detect anomalous targets in the 55° and 30° directions, respectively. In brief, this study confirms the effectiveness of the wide-angle beam-scanning antenna array for extending the lateral detection range of GPR.