Aim: The role of inflammation is a critical component of tumor progression and the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) reflects inflammatory status. We aimed to determine the clinical significance of the preoperative NLR in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Methods: A total of 178 patients, who underwent curative transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) for NMIBC between 2011 and 2016 in the urology department of Pamukkale University and Uludağ University were included in the study. Data including clinical characteristics, surgery, pathology, and follow-up were obtained from a retrospectively maintained database. Patients were divided into groups according to pre-operative NLR values (h-NLR group: ≥2.5, l-NLR group: NLR <2.5). Their cut-off values were determined through receiver operation characteristics curves analysis. Recurrence rates of the patients were determined in the 1st year follow-up. For further analysis, all of the patients were allocated according to their risk ratio according to European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) tables as low, intermediate and high, and all of the groups have been evaluated according to the risk ratio. Results: NLR patients (55.6% of the cases) were associated with worse risk of bladder cancer recurrence as compared to l-NLR group (P=0.005). Kaplan-Meier plots illustrated that higher pre-operative NLR had decreased disease-free survival (DFS). Low pre-operative PLR and NLR levels correlated with recurrence. Conclusion: The present research shows that NLR is a prognostic indicator in NMIBC. Calculating NLR value might be useful at predicting recurrence in NMIBC patients.

Background/Objectives: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a prevalent condition in aging men and a major cause of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs). While traditional treatments such as transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) are effective, they are associated with notable morbidity. Ultrasound-guided transperineal laser ablation (TPLA) has emerged as a minimally invasive alternative. This study aimed to assess the 12-month efficacy, safety, and functional outcomes of TPLA in patients with LUTS secondary to BPH. Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective observational cohort study including 53 patients with moderate-to-severe LUTS due to BPH who underwent TPLA between November 2021 and May 2024. Baseline and follow-up assessments were conducted at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months, including IPSS, Qmax, PVR, prostate volume (MRI), QoL, IIEF-5, and MSHQ-ED/Bother scores. The procedure was performed under local anesthesia using the EchoLaser™ system, and ablation was guided via real-time transrectal ultrasonography. Results: Statistically significant improvements were observed in IPSS (median decrease from 30 to 13), Qmax (5.5 to 13.0 mL/s), and PVR (200 to 85 mL). Prostate and adenoma volumes decreased by 41.2% and 58.3%, respectively. Quality of life scores improved, and erectile function remained stable. Ejaculatory function improved significantly based on MSHQ-ED and MSHQ-Bother scores. No major complications or conversions to surgery occurred. Conclusions: TPLA appears to be a safe, effective, and minimally invasive treatment modality for LUTS caused by BPH. It offers sustained symptomatic relief, prostate volume reduction, and preservation of sexual function, making it a promising alternative for patients unfit or unwilling to undergo invasive surgery.