Background/Objectives: Maternal depression, anxiety, perceived stress, and resilience are recognized determinants of perinatal health, yet routine psychological screening is still uncommon in Romanian obstetric practice. This study examined how these four psychological factors relate to preterm birth, gestational hypertension, intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR), and low birth weight in primiparous women. Methods: In a cross-sectional study at a tertiary maternity center in Timișoara (February 2024–February 2025), 240 women at 20–28 weeks’ gestation completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10), and Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale-25 (CD-RISC-25). Obstetric outcomes were abstracted from medical records. Pearson correlations described bivariate associations; multivariate logistic regression assessed independent effects after mutual adjustment. Results: Preterm birth occurred in 21% of pregnancies, gestational hypertension in 17%, IUGR in 15%, and low birth weight in 21%. Higher EPDS, GAD-7, and PSS-10 scores correlated positively with each complication (r = 0.19–0.36; p < 0.02), whereas CD-RISC-25 scores showed inverse correlations (r = −0.22 to −0.29; p ≤ 0.012). In the fully adjusted model, GAD-7 remained the only independent psychological predictor of the composite obstetric outcome (β = 0.047; 95% CI 0.010–0.083; p = 0.013). Perceived stress approached significance; depression and resilience were no longer significant after adjustment. Conclusions: Generalized anxiety was the most robust psychological determinant of adverse obstetric outcomes, with perceived stress, depression, and lower resilience showing contributory roles at the unadjusted level. Incorporating brief instruments such as the GAD-7, PSS-10, and CD-RISC-25 into routine prenatal care could facilitate early identification of at-risk pregnancies and inform targeted preventive interventions.

Background and Objectives: This systematic review synthesized somatic and psychosocial determinants of postpartum sexual dysfunction (PSD) during the first 12 months after childbirth. Methods: Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus from inception to 4 August 2025 without language limits for the indexed records. Eligible studies enrolled postpartum women (≤12 months) and reported validated sexual outcomes (FSFI/FSFI-6, PISQ-12), dyspareunia, or sexual activity, examining breastfeeding, partner support/body image, perineal trauma/instrumentation, or postpartum perineal/musculoskeletal pain. Two reviewers independently screened and extracted data; risk of bias was assessed with a modified Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Results: Of 1127 records screened, 15 studies were included. Perineal morbidity and early pain consistently tracked with worse sexual outcomes; assisted vaginal birth increased 6-month dyspareunia odds (OR 2.5). Breastfeeding was often associated with lower early sexual function and higher dyspareunia (6-month dyspareunia OR 4.4), with attenuation by 12 months. Higher partner/family support and more positive body image correlated with better FSFI scores. Heterogeneity in timing, measures, and adjustment precluded meta-analysis; results were narratively synthesized. Conclusions: Perineal trauma and early pain are dominant risk signals; breastfeeding-related symptoms exert early and context-dependent effects; psychosocial resources are protective.

Background and objectives: Sexual function commonly declines during late pregnancy and early postpartum, but recovery is heterogeneous and influenced by obstetric and psychosocial factors. We aimed to (i) describe longitudinal Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) trajectories from the first trimester to 12 months postpartum and (ii) test whether sleep quality and relationship satisfaction are independently associated with sexual function at 6–12 months postpartum, beyond obstetric factors and depressive symptoms. Methods: In this single-center prospective cohort study, pregnant women (singleton pregnancy, ≥18 years, enrolled ≤20 gestational weeks) completed the FSFI at six timepoints: first trimester, second trimester, third trimester, 6–8 weeks postpartum, 3 months postpartum, and 6–12 months postpartum. At 6–12 months postpartum, participants also completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for depressive symptoms, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) for sleep quality, WHOQOL-BREF for quality of life, a brief body-image disturbance scale, and a 1–5 relationship satisfaction rating. Delivery was categorized as vaginal low trauma, vaginal higher trauma, or cesarean. Multivariable linear and logistic regression modeled FSFI at 6–12 months postpartum and FSFI-defined dysfunction (FSFI < 26.55). Results: Among 112 women, FSFI-defined dysfunction at 6–12 months postpartum affected 58.0% (65/112). Mean FSFI declined from the first trimester (26.5 ± 4.1) to 6–8 weeks postpartum (18.8 ± 4.3) and recovered by 6–12 months postpartum (25.4 ± 5.0) (time effect p < 0.001). Dysfunction prevalence differed by delivery group (42.2% vaginal low trauma, 63.2% cesarean, 75.9% vaginal higher trauma; p = 0.012). In adjusted models, worse sleep quality and higher-trauma vaginal birth increased the odds of dysfunction, whereas higher relationship satisfaction was protective. Depressive symptoms and sleep quality were independently associated with lower FSFI in linear models. Conclusions: Late-postpartum sexual function follows a nadir-then-recovery trajectory shaped by additive psychosocial (sleep, mood, relationship) and obstetric trauma factors, supporting multi-domain postpartum screening and targeted referral pathways.

Background and Objectives: Optic disc drusen (ODD) can mimic papilledema and are linked to structural crowding, microvascular change, and visual-field loss. We synthesized structural/microvascular differences, functional status and change, diagnostic performance, and ODD–NAION co-occurrence. Methods: This study used PRISMA-aligned searches of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science (inception–15 July 2025). Eligible designs included cross-sectional, cohort, and diagnostic accuracy studies with numeric outcomes (OCT/OCTA, visual fields, test accuracy, NAION prevalence). Two reviewers independently screened, extracted, and appraised bias. Heterogeneity precluded meta-analysis; narrative synthesis was used. Bias risk was moderate. Results: From 359 records, 6 studies met the criteria. ODD eyes showed thicker RNFL than controls (117.54 ± 18.75 vs. 105.81 ± 14.45 µm; 101 ± 12 vs. 97 ± 10 µm) and worse baseline mean deviation (−1.78 ± 3.87 dB). OCTA demonstrated sectoral peripapillary vessel-area density reduction (inferior 0.30 vs. 0.34; temporal 0.44 vs. 0.48; superonasal 0.44 vs. 0.49). Visual-field phenotypes were normal (44–52%), enlarged blind spot (19–29%), and other localized defects (24–29%); the longitudinal decline averaged −0.23 ± 0.26 dB/year with 88% slow progressors. In pseudopapilledema, single-test yields were ultrasound at 87.2%, OCT at 80.2%, and FAF at 62.8%; OCT alone distinguished buried ODD from mild papilledema with 50–64% accuracy (κ ≈ 0.35). Among young NAION, ODD affected 56.7% of patients and 53.3% of eyes; bilaterality was 95.2%, and only 35.9% were ophthalmoscopically visible. Conclusions: Multimodal imaging shows structural thickening, microvascular rarefaction, and modest functional loss in ODD, with slow average progression. In suspected papilledema, protocolized multimodal workflows outperform OCT alone. ODD are common in young NAION, supporting risk stratification and longitudinal monitoring.

Background and Objectives: Pregnancy and the postpartum period profoundly affect female sexual function, yet longitudinal data integrating obstetric and psychosocial domains are scarce. We aimed to chart sexual-function trajectories from early pregnancy to 12 months postpartum and identify predictors of persistent dysfunction. Materials and Methods: In this single-center prospective cohort, 187 pregnant women were eligible to complete the FSFI at three trimesters and at 6–8 weeks, 3 months, and 6–12 months postpartum, plus postpartum PHQ-9, WHOQOL-BREF, and body-image scales. Associations with FSFI-defined dysfunction (FSFI < 26.55) and continuous FSFI were examined, of which 90 women were included for having documented dysfunction. Results: Mean FSFI declined from 27.4 ± 3.9 (first trimester) to a nadir of 20.1 ± 4.2 at 6–8 weeks postpartum, with partial recovery to 25.5 ± 4.0 at 6–12 months (p < 0.001). Depressive symptoms were higher in women with dysfunction (PHQ-9 8.8 ± 3.3 vs. 6.7 ± 3.5; p < 0.001) and correlated inversely with FSFI (r = −0.39; p < 0.001). A multivariable model explained 19% of FSFI variance, with each 1 SD PHQ-9 increase predicting a 1.2-point FSFI decrease (p = 0.005). Body-image disturbance exerted a partially PHQ-9-mediated effect, and three FSFI trajectory clusters showed postpartum dysfunction rates from 28.6% to 89.7%. A combined psychosocial prediction model achieved an AUC of 0.9 with a sensitivity and specificity of 0.8. Conclusions: Postpartum sexual dysfunction was common and persisted in many women at one year; depressive symptoms, body image, and psychological quality of life were more influential than mode of birth, breastfeeding, or pelvic-floor symptoms.

Background/Objectives: Optic disc drusen (ODD) are an under-recognized cause of optic neuropathy, and the impact of structure–function damage on quality of life (QoL) is poorly defined. We compared systemic risk factors, ocular structure–function, and QoL in adults with ODD versus matched controls and identified determinants of impaired vision-related QoL. Methods: In a tertiary clinic, 60 adults with ultrasonography- or OCT-confirmed ODD were age- and sex-matched 1:1 to 60 controls without ODD. Retrospective clinical and imaging data (BCVA, RNFL thickness, standard automated perimetry) were combined with cross-sectional NEI VFQ-25 and EQ-5D-5L scores. Results: ODD patients more often had hypertension (51.7% vs. 31.7%, p = 0.026) and migraine (38.3% vs. 21.7%, p = 0.046). They showed worse BCVA (0.2 vs. 0.1 logMAR, p < 0.001), thinner RNFL (95.3 vs. 103.8 µm, p < 0.001), more depressed mean deviation (−4.7 vs. −1.3 dB, p < 0.001), and more frequent reproducible visual field defects (68.3% vs. 11.7%, p < 0.001). Vision-specific QoL was reduced (VFQ-25 composite 77.3 ± 11.4 vs. 89.7 ± 8.6, p < 0.001) and generic health status lower (EQ-5D utility 0.8 ± 0.1 vs. 0.9 ± 0.1, p < 0.001). In ODD, worse BCVA, more negative mean deviation and lower EQ-5D were independently associated with poorer VFQ-25 (model R² = 0.57), while older age, thinner RNFL and migraine predicted visual field defects. Conclusions: ODD are associated with substantial visual field loss and clinically meaningful decrements in vision-related and generic QoL.