The main aim of this study was to isolate and characterize the active compounds from the hexane extract of the fruit peels of Citrus aurantiifolia, which showed activity against one sensitive and three monoresistant (isoniazid, streptomycin or ethambutol) strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H₃₇Rv. The active extract was fractionated by column chromatography, yielding the following major compounds: 5-geranyloxypsoralen (1); 5-geranyloxy-7-methoxycoumarin (2); 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin (3); 5-methoxypsoralen (4); and 5,8-dimethoxypsoralen (5). The structures of these compounds were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. In addition, GC-MS analysis of the hexane extract allowed the identification of 44 volatile compounds, being 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin (15.79%), 3-methyl-1,2-cyclopentanedione (8.27%), 1-methoxy-ciclohexene (8.0%), corylone (6.93%), palmitic acid (6.89%), 5,8-dimethoxypsoralen (6.08%), a-terpineol (5.97%), and umbelliferone (4.36%), the major constituents. Four isolated coumarins and 16 commercial compounds identified by GC-MS were tested against M. tuberculosis H₃₇Rv and three multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis strains using the Microplate Alamar Blue Assay. The constituents that showed activity against all strains were 5 (MICs = 25–50 mg/mL), 1 (MICs = 50–100 mg/mL), palmitic acid (MICs = 25–50 mg/mL), linoleic acid (MICs = 50–100 mg/mL), oleic acid (MICs = 100 mg/mL), 4-hexen-3-one (MICs = 50–100 mg/mL), and citral (MICs = 50–100 mg/mL). Compound 5 and palmitic acid were the most active ones. The antimycobacterial activity of the hexane extract of C. aurantifolia could be attributed to these compounds.

Eleven years after the start of a new millennium characterized by amazing scientific development, the cure for cancer remains a major challenge for humanity. In this regard, scientific efforts have focused on the search for new therapeutic targets that involve specific recognition and stop the spread of cancer cells, as well as the development of new therapeutic options that show greater specificity and better therapeutic efficacy. This review includes recent published literature about new anticancer drug design using scaffolds of β-lactams, sulfonamides, quinoline, quinoxaline and natural products, and focuses on the structure-activity relationships of scaffolds that have been reported to potently inhibit cell growth of human tumor cell lines. It describes not only those synthetic or natural compounds aimed at specific molecular targets of cancer cells in vitro, but also compounds currently in clinical trials.

In the present article we describe the spectroscopic data of 1H and 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of 11 compounds including: Nine natural products from the hexanic-chloroformic and methanolic extracts of Acacia farnesiana fruit and two esterified derivatives (22E-stimasta-5,22-dien- 3β-acetyl and methyl 3,4,5-triacetyloxybenzoate). Data linked to the research work entitled "Chemical composition of fruits of Acacia farnesiana (L) Willd and its activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and dysentery bacteria" (Hernández et al., 2019) [1].