The high polarity of water molecules inevitably causes the decomposition of perovskites. We retard the degradation by introducing an ultrathin ALD–Al ₂ O ₃ layer, which has almost no negative effect on performance.

The PCE of perovskite solar cell based on ALD-ZnO reached 13.1%; CH₃NH₃Cl promoted the formation of CH₃NH₃PbI₃ on 70 °C-ALD-ZnO films.

The DMAC-based deposition–crystallization method allows control over the dynamics of CH ₃ NH ₃ PbI ₃ grain growth for the realization of high efficiency devices.

We propose a new triple crosslinked network in which a physical crosslinked network was formed in the PVA/B SN hydrogel by a simple freeze-thaw method, which resulted in higher stability, toughness and better tensile properties.

Because organic–inorganic perovskite solar cells are known to be unstable in the presence of moisture, most of the reported high-efficiency perovskite solar cells are fabricated under an inert atmosphere in a glove box. This requirement impedes mass production of organic–inorganic perovskite solar cells (PVSCs). Fabricating dense uniform perovskite thin films with high surface coverage via a single one-step solution process is also a challenge in achieving high-efficiency PVSCs. In this work, we successfully develop a facile, controllable one-step solution processing method to obtain high-quality hybrid-perovskite thin films in ambient atmosphere. The entire preparation process for CH₃NH₃PbI₃ films is conducted in ambient air to investigate the effect of humidity on the molecular structure and crystallization of the hybrid perovskite. It is found that relative humidity (RH) and solvent are crucial factors in determining the final morphology of CH₃NH₃PbI₃ and the photovoltaic performance. The best device efficiency achieved for a solar cell fabricated in ambient atmosphere under a RH of 28% is 16.15%; this PCE value is comparable to that of glove box-based PVSCs. This work puts forth a possible method for the easy mass production of high-performance PVSCs under ambient conditions.