Objective: To evaluate the relationship between manganese superoxide dismutase ( MnSOD ) Ile58Thr , catalase ( CAT ) C ‐262 T and myeloperoxidase ( MPO ) G ‐463 A gene polymorphisms and the susceptibility and clinicopathological characteristics of prostate cancer. Patients and Methods: In all, 155 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer and 195 controls with negative digital rectal examinations and PSA levels of <4 ng/dL were enrolled in this study. MnSOD , CAT and MPO gene polymorphisms were identified by polymerase chain reaction restriction‐fragment length polymorphism methods. Results: The TT genotype in MnSOD Ile58Thr polymorphism, CC genotype in the CAT C ‐262 T polymorphism and the GG genotype in the MPO G ‐463 A polymorphism were the predominant genotypes amongst this T urkish male population. There was no association between MnSOD Ile58Thr polymorphism and prostate cancer. For the CAT C ‐262 T polymorphism, the TT genotype had significantly increased prostate cancer risk compared with the CC genotype. Similarly, the TT genotype had a 1.94‐ and 3.83‐fold increased risk for high‐stage disease and metastasis, respectively, when compared with the CC genotype. For the MPO G ‐463 A polymorphism, the GG genotype had 1.78‐fold increased risk of prostate cancer compared with the AA genotype. However, no association was found regarding G leason score, advanced and metastatic prostate cancer risk. Conclusions: It seems that there is no association of prostate cancer with MnSOD Ile58Thr polymorphism, whereas the TT genotype in the CAT C ‐262 T polymorphism and the GG genotype in the MPO G ‐463 A polymorphism may be associated with increased prostate cancer risk. The TT genotype in the CAT C ‐262 T gene polymorphism may also be a risk factor in tumour progression and metastasis among T urkish men.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the analytical performances of Sysmex UF-5000 and Dirui FUS-200 and to compare the results with manual microscopy and between each other. Two hundred fifty urine samples were analyzed for evaluation. Mid-stream specimens were studied sequentially using Dirui FUS-200 and Sysmex UF-5000, and also with manual microscopy within one hour. The physical and chemical components of urinalysis, and sediment results were investigated. The precision results of the FUS-200 and UF-5000 for WBCs, RBCs, and ECs were acceptable. The both analyzers demonstrated good linearity (r > 0.97), with no carry-over. The comparisons of FUS-200 and UF-5000 with manual microscopy for RBCs, WBCs, and ECs on 250 samples exhibited good agreement with little bias (R > 0.780). Only, the moderate agreements were obtained for calcium oxalate for both analyzers (R = 0.512, and 0.648, respectively). The sensitivities of the FUS-200 and UF-5000 were 75.8% and 86.8%, with specificities of 92.3% and 87.8% for WBCs, for RBCs the sensitivities were 91.1%, and 84.4% with specificities of 82.2%, and 89.6% for both analyzers. Kappa values of the UF-5000 were higher than FUS-200 for WBCs, RBCs, ECs, and calcium oxalate. The FUS-200 and UF-5000 urine analyzers, are both accurate, very precise systems and can be safely used in clinical laboratories. However, due to the technological characteristics of the UF-5000 analyzer, its positive impacts on the morphologic recognition and enumeration of RBCs and WBCs should be taken into account, particularly in university hospital laboratories with high patient volumes.

Background: The determination of the impact of risk factors such as smoking in periodontal disease development is of importance to better characterize the disease. However, its impact on host response remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of tobacco smoking on GCF levels of neutrophil enzymes (myeloperoxidase (MPO), beta-glucuronidase (BGD), neutrophil elastase (NE) and periodontal parameters in healthy young adults with dental plaque biofilm-induced gingivitis. Methods: The study population consisted of 60 systemically healthy young adults (39 smokers (Sm) and 21 non-smokers (n-Sm)) diagnosed with plaque-induced gingivitis. The periodontal examination consisted of a plaque index (PI); gingival index (GI); probing depth (PD); bleeding on probing (BoP), and clinical attachment level (CAL). GCF MPO, BGD, and NE levels were determined by means of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: PI, GI, and BoP were significantly increased in the Sm group (p < 0.05). PD and CAL showed no significant difference between Sm and n-Sm groups (p > 0.05). In GCF, MPO, BGD, and NE levels were significantly increased in Sm group (p < 0.05). NE levels showed a significant correlation with GI and BoP (p < 0.05 for both). Moreover, a positive correlation between BGD and NE levels (p < 0.05) was measured. Conclusions: It may be concluded that, even in young patients, tobacco consumption affects the host’s immune response related to gingival inflammation. It is, therefore, mandatory to inform young patients about the risk related to tobacco consumption for their gingival health.

Fırat Öz, İlyas Kaya, Yaşar Tanır, Canan Küçükgergin, Abdurrahman Fatih Aydın. Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci 2024;22:502-11. https://doi.org/10.9758/cpn.23.1153

Oxidative stress and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formation are proposed as effective mechanisms in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic liver disease (ALD). 1,25(OH)2D3 was proposed to have antioxidant, antiinflammatory and antiglycation properties. In this study, the effect of 1,25(OH)2 D3 treatment on oxidative stress parameters and AGEs levels together with hepatic histopathology was investigated in high fructose (HFr) or ethanol (EtOH)-treated rats. Rats were treated with fructose (30%) or ethanol (5-20%) in drinking water with and without 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment (5 µg/kg two times a week) for 8 weeks. Insulin resistance (IR), oxidative stress parameters, AGEs, triglyceride (TG) and hydroxyproline (Hyp) levels together with histopathology were investigated in the liver. 1,25(OH)2D3 decreased hepatic reactive oxygen species, lipid and protein oxidation products together with histopathological improvements in HFr- and EtOH-treated rats. 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment was observed to decrease significantly serum and hepatic AGEs in HFr group, and hepatic AGEs in EtOH group. Our results clearly show that 1,25(OH)2 D3 treatment may be useful in the alleviation of hepatic lesions for decreasing glycoxidant stress in both NAFLD and ALD models created by HFr- and EtOH-treated rats, respectively.