Silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus) is an economically valuable marine species with growing potential for large-scale aquaculture in China. In recent years, significant progress has been achieved in artificial breeding, nutritional research, and disease management; however, the industry’s development remains constrained by technological and operational challenges. This review provides an overview of the biological characteristics of P. argenteus and systematically summarizes the research progress and technological applications in artificial breeding, nutritional physiology, disease management, and aquaculture systems. It also analyzes the key constraints hindering the development of its aquaculture industry. Based on current research progress and industry needs, five strategic measures are proposed to accelerate industry development: (1) establishing a comprehensive germplasm repository; (2) breeding high-performance new varieties; (3) developing species-specific compound feeds; (4) enhancing disease prevention and biosecurity systems; and (5) standardizing operational protocols for different aquaculture systems. The implementation of these measures will provide a theoretical reference and technical support for the high-quality development of the P. argenteus aquaculture industry in China.

The large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) is an economically important marine fish in China, whose growth rate in aquaculture has yet to meet the industry’s demands. Understanding the mechanism underlying inter-individual growth differences will create a favorable condition for selective breeding. In combined transcriptome and metabolome analyses, this study collected muscle tissues from four groups of croakers categorized based on sex and growth rate: fast-growing males, slow-growing males, fast-growing females, and slow-growing females. We identified 2344 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 198 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs). Three genes, bpgm, mstnb, and mylpfb, played a crucial role in the growth regulation of large yellow croaker. The pathway enrichment analysis showed that “Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis”, “Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism”, “Inositol phosphate metabolism” and “Retrograde endocannabinoid signaling” pathways were involved in growth regulation. This study provides new clues for future research on the molecular mechanisms of growth regulation in large yellow croaker and builds a theoretical basis for improving the growth quality of this species.