This study was carried out to determine some morphological characteristics of 94 tomato genotypes at the S4 level and to reveal the relationships between these materials. In the study, leaf attitude, leaf length, leaf width, number of flowers, fruit color, fruit weight, fruit width, fruit length, the thickness of pericarp, fruit shape, fruit diameter, number of locules, and total soluble solid content (TTSC) were measured and observed in these genotypes. As a result of the phenotypic assessment, the maximum fruit weight values of the genotypes were observed as in G9 (317.59 g), G54 (310 g), G92 (292.85 g), G70 (287.01 g), and G110 (276.66 g); and the lowest fruit weight values were observed in G26 (18.302 g) and G8 (14.48 g). Average fruit length, fruit width, pericarp thickness, and the number of carpels were recorded (69.09 mm, 56.90 mm, 6.37 mm, and 4 carpels respectively). Tomato genotypes were also investigated using Cluster and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method based on these measurements and observations. As a result of this analysis, five independent principal component axes were obtained. While these axes represent 69.28% of the total variation, the eigen values were ranged between 1.06 and 4.02. According to the PCA analysis results, genotypes G7, G81, G93, and G103 were prominent in terms of leaf length, fruit width, fruit weight, and carpel number parameters. Based on TSSC results, the G65 genotype was found to be the most prominent one, and the genotypes G12 and G114 exhibit promising results for fruit color. A high degree of morphological variation was detected among tomato genotypes.

Cucurbita pepo L., an important member of the Cucurbitaceae family, has a wide genetic diversity in terms of fruit and plant characteristics. The objective of this study was to select genotypes with desirable morphological characteristics and to establish a wide core collection. Selected 200 genotypes were identified in detail using 22 morphological characters. Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis were used to determine the relationships among these genotypes. As a result of the PCA, eight PC axes explained 63.8% of the cumulation variation, while according to the cluster analysis, the morphological similarity level of the selected 200 genotypes ranged from 0.72 to 22.21, and in the constellation diagram formed, six groups were defined. In addition, correlation results clearly showed the relationships between the morphological parameters. Positive and significant correlations were found between plant growth habit and parameters such as plant branching, degree of branching, stem shoot development, petiole length and thickness, leaf blade area. The information obtained from the correlation analysis was used to improve breeding efficiency and reduce the number of plants selected. According to the results of the study, a high morphological variability was found among the squash genotypes. The diverse traits of summer squash are important for improving its agronomic qualities. The data obtained will guide similar research and support sustainable plant breeding and genetic diversity conservation.

The flavor and color profiles of vegetables are crucial in determining their nutritional value, health benefits, taste, and visual appeal. The genomic characteristics of plants control these traits. Components such as sugars, organic acids, amino acids, phenolic compounds, and essential oils, as well as color pigments like anthocyanin, chlorophyll, carotenoid, and betalain, are synthesized in plants based on their genetic structure. Environmental factors like temperature, water, light, and soil can affect the production and intensity of these components. Long-term environmental changes, such as climate change, can significantly alter the dynamics of these components. This comprehensive review focuses on the genetic and environmental interactions underlying the flavor and color profiles of vegetables, with particular emphasis on the analysis of quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with these traits. The article discusses the identification of genes that regulate taste and color in vegetables and how these genes have been localized in QTL mapping studies. It also discusses the influence of environmental factors on taste and color, as well as gene–environment interactions. Furthermore, it focuses on how this information can be used to improve plant breeding and sustainable agriculture and emphasizes that data from QTL analyses provide valuable insights into the integration of genetic and environmental approaches to improve vegetable quality and meet consumer preferences. In conclusion, the review aims to be a valuable resource for both researchers and professionals interested in the genetic and environmental aspects of taste and color in vegetables.

Bu çalışmada, biber çeşit ıslahı programı kapsamında geliştirilen 5 hibrit dolmalık biber çeşit adayının Konya’da tarla koşulunda yaz dönemi yetiştiriciliğinde meyve kalite ve verim özellikleri yönünden performanslarının karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. İlk hasatlar, fide dikiminden itibaren 68 gün sonra yapılmıştır. Meyve uzunluğu, 54.28-80.49 mm arasında değişim göstermiştir. Meyve çapı, 47.59-66.52 mm ve et kalınlığı 3.55-5.08 mm arasında bulunmuştur. Dolmalık biber genotipleri arasında bitki başına verim ortalaması 933.4 g olup; en yüksek 1496 g ile E27 çeşit adayına ve en düşük 678 g ile P17 çeşit adayında gerçekleşmiştir. Hibrit biber çeşit adaylarında bitki başına meyve sayılarının ortalama 14-22 adet arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Bu çeşit adaylarının kurak ve yarı kurak iklime sahip Konya ekolojisi gibi bölgelerde açık arazi şartlarında yetiştirilebileceği ve ülke tarımına katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.